Water balance in insects and mites

Diatomaceous earth as insecticide: physiological and morphological evidence of its underlying mechanism

“…This supports DE's mode of action hypothesis, which suggests that insects die from desiccation due to a physical damage or disruption to the cuticle wax layer that would enhance CP. In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss 29,39 . For example, Rigaux et al 38 .…”

“…In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss. 29,39 For example, Rigaux et al 38 studied the effect of DE over T. castaneum and made estimations of its permeability from total water loss, without excluding excretory or respiratory components. However, open-flow respirometry outputs data of water and CO 2 emissions on real time, allowing us to apply the regression method to estimate the respiratory and cuticular components of the total water loss.…”

Diatomaceous earth as insecticide: physiological and morphological evidence of its underlying mechanism

“…This supports DE's mode of action hypothesis, which suggests that insects die from desiccation due to a physical damage or disruption to the cuticle wax layer that would enhance CP. In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss 29,39 . For example, Rigaux et al 38 .…”

“…In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss. 29,39 For example, Rigaux et al 38 studied the effect of DE over T. castaneum and made estimations of its permeability from total water loss, without excluding excretory or respiratory components. However, open-flow respirometry outputs data of water and CO 2 emissions on real time, allowing us to apply the regression method to estimate the respiratory and cuticular components of the total water loss.…”

The Survivorship and Water Loss of Liometopum luctuosum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Liometopum occidentale (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Exposed to Different Temperatures and Relative Humidity

“…Insects have a number of physiological adaptations to xeric conditions such as minimizing the SA to volume ratio, controlling spiracular activity, depositing specialized cuticular hydrocarbons, reclaiming water and active water absorption, and producing metabolic water ( Hadley 1972 , Arlian and Veselica 1979 ). One of the major routes of water loss in ants is via the cuticle; only minor amounts of water are lost via respiration ( Lighton and Feener 1989 ).…”

Responses of Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) and Menacanthus stramineus (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) to Gradients of Temperature, Light, and Humidity, With Comments on Microhabitat Selection on Chickens

“…Within the Acari, this ability can be attributed to glands in the mouth that secrete a hygroscopic ßuid, which absorbs water from the air and is subsequently swallowed (Arlian and Veselica 1979). A relative humidity of 90% was found to be the equilibrium humidity at which the mite Echinolaelaps echidninus (Berlese) neither lost nor gained weight (Wharton and Kanungo 1962).…”

Diatomaceous earth as insecticide: physiological and morphological evidence of its underlying mechanism

“…This supports DE's mode of action hypothesis, which suggests that insects die from desiccation due to a physical damage or disruption to the cuticle wax layer that would enhance CP. In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss 29,39 . For example, Rigaux et al 38 .…”

“…In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss. 29,39 For example, Rigaux et al 38 studied the effect of DE over T. castaneum and made estimations of its permeability from total water loss, without excluding excretory or respiratory components. However, open-flow respirometry outputs data of water and CO 2 emissions on real time, allowing us to apply the regression method to estimate the respiratory and cuticular components of the total water loss.…”

The Survivorship and Water Loss of Liometopum luctuosum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Liometopum occidentale (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Exposed to Different Temperatures and Relative Humidity

“…Insects have a number of physiological adaptations to xeric conditions such as minimizing the SA to volume ratio, controlling spiracular activity, depositing specialized cuticular hydrocarbons, reclaiming water and active water absorption, and producing metabolic water ( Hadley 1972 , Arlian and Veselica 1979 ). One of the major routes of water loss in ants is via the cuticle; only minor amounts of water are lost via respiration ( Lighton and Feener 1989 ).…”

Responses of Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) and Menacanthus stramineus (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) to Gradients of Temperature, Light, and Humidity, With Comments on Microhabitat Selection on Chickens

“…Within the Acari, this ability can be attributed to glands in the mouth that secrete a hygroscopic ßuid, which absorbs water from the air and is subsequently swallowed (Arlian and Veselica 1979). A relative humidity of 90% was found to be the equilibrium humidity at which the mite Echinolaelaps echidninus (Berlese) neither lost nor gained weight (Wharton and Kanungo 1962).…”

Diatomaceous earth as insecticide: physiological and morphological evidence of its underlying mechanism

“…This supports DE's mode of action hypothesis, which suggests that insects die from desiccation due to a physical damage or disruption to the cuticle wax layer that would enhance CP. In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss 29,39 . For example, Rigaux et al 38 .…”

“…In previous works, water relations studies are usually attempted using gravimetric techniques, which can only estimate net flux of water in a period of time making it unable to discriminate between the different components of water loss. 29,39 For example, Rigaux et al 38 studied the effect of DE over T. castaneum and made estimations of its permeability from total water loss, without excluding excretory or respiratory components. However, open-flow respirometry outputs data of water and CO 2 emissions on real time, allowing us to apply the regression method to estimate the respiratory and cuticular components of the total water loss.…”

The Survivorship and Water Loss of Liometopum luctuosum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Liometopum occidentale (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Exposed to Different Temperatures and Relative Humidity

“…Insects have a number of physiological adaptations to xeric conditions such as minimizing the SA to volume ratio, controlling spiracular activity, depositing specialized cuticular hydrocarbons, reclaiming water and active water absorption, and producing metabolic water ( Hadley 1972 , Arlian and Veselica 1979 ). One of the major routes of water loss in ants is via the cuticle; only minor amounts of water are lost via respiration ( Lighton and Feener 1989 ).…”

Responses of Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) and Menacanthus stramineus (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) to Gradients of Temperature, Light, and Humidity, With Comments on Microhabitat Selection on Chickens

“…Within the Acari, this ability can be attributed to glands in the mouth that secrete a hygroscopic ßuid, which absorbs water from the air and is subsequently swallowed (Arlian and Veselica 1979). A relative humidity of 90% was found to be the equilibrium humidity at which the mite Echinolaelaps echidninus (Berlese) neither lost nor gained weight (Wharton and Kanungo 1962).…”