Water and salt balance modelling of intermittent catchments using a physically-based integrated model

Daneshmand, Hossein; Alaghmand, Sina; Camporese, Matteo; Talei, Amin; Daly, Edoardo

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.035

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The ranges of the performance criteria for the bores were also comparable with previous applications of ISSHMs in other intermittent catchments (Camporese et al, 2014;Daneshmand et al, 2019).…”

Section: Model Performancesupporting

confidence: 79%

“…For groundwater levels, NSE is not adequate and the Willmott index of agreement (IoA) was used (e.g., Dean et al 2016;Daneshmand et al 2019), which reads (Willmott, 1981) In addition to KGE, coefficient of determination (R 2 ), root mean square error (RMSE), and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) were used for streamflow.…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to KGE, coefficient of determination (R 2 ), root mean square error (RMSE), and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) were used for streamflow. For groundwater levels, NSE is not adequate and the Willmott index of agreement (IoA) was used (e.g., Dean et al 2016;Daneshmand et al 2019), which reads (Willmott, 1981)…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulated response of an intermittent stream to rainfall frequency patterns

Azarnivand

Camporese

Alaghmand

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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The response of intermittent catchments to rainfall is complex and difficult to model. This study uses the spatially distributed CATchment HYdrology (CATHY) model to explore how the frequency of daily rainfall ( ) can affect the hydrologic regime of intermittent catchments. After a multi-objective calibration and validation of CATHY against experimental measurements of streamflow and groundwater levels in a catchment used as a pasture, the role of in affecting streamflow characteristics was explored using different scenarios. With different values of for the dry and wet periods of the year, CATHY showed that a series of frequent rainfall events was often associated with incipient streamflow, independent of the season. Activation of streamflow during the wet season was related to multiple factors and was not often associated with the shallow groundwater levels near the outlet of the catchment.The interplay between rainfall depth and intensity acted as the most important factor for the generation of streamflow. Using the difference between accumulated rainfall and evapotranspiration as a measure of wetness, saturated subsurface flow mechanism generated streamflow in simulations with wetness at least three times larger than mean wetness of other simulations. Although groundwater uprise near the outlet did not effectively contribute to streamflow in the initial days of flow, it strongly correlated with the magnitude of the runoff coefficient. Values of close or equal to the maximum value in the wet season can sustain the connectivity between groundwater and streamflow in the riparian zone. This connectivity increases the catchment wetness, which consequently results in an increase of the generated streamflow. Our study showed that rainfall regimes characterized by different were able to identify distinct flow regimes typical of either intermittent, ephemeral, or nonflowing catchments. Decrease of in the wet season is likely associated with a reduction of streamflow, with a shift of flow regime from intermittent to ephemeral or no-flow.

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Section: Model Performancesupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulated response of an intermittent stream to rainfall frequency patterns

Azarnivand

Camporese

Alaghmand

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

Self Cite

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“…Out of the 1.5 billion ha in use for crop production world-wide, human-induced (secondary) salinity is now impacting some 0.3 billion ha and already represents a threat to the food security of arid regions, where irrigation is employed routinely (Ghassemi et al, 1995;Pitman & L€ auchli, 2002). Projected climate change and associated sea-level rise, population growth, and increasing demand for water and crop production are expected to induce a further uptick in both natural (primary) and secondary salinization over the next decades (Pankova & Konyushkova, 2014;Qadir et al, 2014;Jesus et al, 2015;Daneshmand et al, 2019). The fast growth of the salinization phenomenon thus calls for effective solutions to mitigate the different forms of salt-induced land degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylem–phloem hydraulic coupling explains multiple osmoregulatory responses to salt stress

2019

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Summary Salinity is known to affect plant productivity by limiting leaf‐level carbon exchange, root water uptake, and carbohydrates transport in the phloem. However, the mechanisms through which plants respond to salt exposure by adjusting leaf gas exchange and xylem–phloem flow are still mostly unexplored. A physically based model coupling xylem, leaf, and phloem flows is here developed to explain different osmoregulation patterns across species. Hydraulic coupling is controlled by leaf water potential, ψl, and determined under four different maximization hypotheses: water uptake (1), carbon assimilation (2), sucrose transport (3), or (4) profit function – i.e. carbon gain minus hydraulic risk. All four hypotheses assume that finite transpiration occurs, providing a further constraint on ψl. With increasing salinity, the model captures different transpiration patterns observed in halophytes (nonmonotonic) and glycophytes (monotonically decreasing) by reproducing the species‐specific strength of xylem–leaf–phloem coupling. Salt tolerance thus emerges as plant's capability of differentiating between salt‐ and drought‐induced hydraulic risk, and to regulate internal flows and osmolytes accordingly. Results are shown to be consistent across optimization schemes (1–3) for both halophytes and glycophytes. In halophytes, however, profit‐maximization (4) predicts systematically higher ψl than (1–3), pointing to the need of an updated definition of hydraulic cost for halophytes under saline conditions.

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“…The physically-based distributed model describes the spatial non-uniformity of runoff generation by dividing the area into grids or cells. For example, the European hydrological system (SHE) calculates runoff at each orthogonal grid by using the Saint-Venant's equation, Richards equation, and Boussinesq equation [16]. Currently, some studies are investigating the spatial and temporal changing behaviors of partial contribution areas by using the topographic wetness index integrated with the curve number (CN) equation developed by the soil conservation service (SCS; U.S. department of agriculture) [17,18], and some studies using the current precipitation index [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall–Runoff Processes and Modelling in Regions Characterized by Deficiency in Soil Water Storage

Shi

Yang

et al. 2019

Water

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The partial runoff is complicated in semi-arid and some semi-humid zones in terms of what the runoff generates in partial vertical positions. The partial runoff is highlighted by horizontal soil heterogeneity as well. How to identify the partial runoff and develop a variable threshold for runoff generation is a great difficulty and challenge. In this work, the partial runoff is identified by using a variable active runoff layer structure, and a variable soil water storage capacity is proposed to act as a threshold for runoff generation. A variable layer-based runoff model (VLRM) for simulating the complex partial runoff was therefore developed, using dual distribution curves for variable soil water storage capacity over basin. The VLRM is distinct in that the threshold for runoff generation is denoted by variable soil water storage capacity instead of infiltration capacity or constant soil water storage capacity. A series of flood events in two typical basins of North China are simulated by the model, and also by the Xinanjiang model. Results demonstrate that the new threshold performs well and the new model outperforms the Xinanjiang model. The approach improves current hydrological modelling for complex runoff in regions with large deficiencies in soil water storage.

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Water and salt balance modelling of intermittent catchments using a physically-based integrated model

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Simulated response of an intermittent stream to rainfall frequency patterns

Simulated response of an intermittent stream to rainfall frequency patterns

Xylem–phloem hydraulic coupling explains multiple osmoregulatory responses to salt stress

Rainfall–Runoff Processes and Modelling in Regions Characterized by Deficiency in Soil Water Storage

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