Wastewater-based epidemiology for preventing outbreaks and epidemics in Latin America – Lessons from the past and a look to the future

Prado, Tatiana; Rey-Benito, Gloria; Miagostovich, Marize Pereira; Sato, Maria Inês Zanoli; Rajal, Verónica Beatriz; Filho, César Rossas Mota; Pereira, Alyne Duarte; Barbosa, Mikaela Renata Funada; Mannarino, Camille Ferreira; Silva, Agnes Soares da

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161210

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Different SARS-CoV-2 variants have been detected in wastewater, and since then, different methods have been compared for virus sequencing (Cha et al 2023 ; Girón-Guzmán et al 2023 ). Recent studies suggest a combination of centralized and decentralized WBE implementation in high-, middle-, and low-income countries for genomic surveillance (Amin et al 2023 ; Gonçalves et al 2022 ; Jarvie et al 2023 ; Prado et al 2023 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach is based on the hypothesis that the concentration of SARS-CoV-2 eliminated by the feces of a population can be estimated on the virus quantification in the wastewater after normalization (Langeveld et al 2023). Data generated by wastewater surveillance can serve as an additional tool to support decision-making in public health (Prado et al 2023;Zhao et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2 surveillance-based on municipal solid waste leachate in Brazil

Lanzarini

Mannarino

Ribeiro

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Municipal solid waste leachate-based epidemiology is an alternative viral tracking tool that applies fresh truck leachate as an early warning of public health emergencies. This study aimed to investigate the potential of SARS-CoV-2 surveillance based on solid waste fresh truck leachate. Twenty truck leachate samples were ultracentrifugated, nucleic acid extracted, and real-time RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 N1/N2 applied. Viral isolation, variant of concern (N1/N2) inference, and whole genome sequencing were also performed. SARS-CoV-2 was detected on 40% (8/20) of samples, with a concentration from 2.89 to 6.96 RNA Log 10 100 mL −1 . The attempt to isolate SARS-CoV-2 and recover the whole genome was not successful; however, positive samples were characterized as possible pre-variant of concern (pre-VOC), VOC Alpha (B.1.1.7) and variant of interest Zeta (P.2). This approach revealed an alternative tool to infer SARS-CoV-2 in the environment and may help the management of local surveillance, health, and social policies. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 surveillance-based on municipal solid waste leachate in Brazil

Lanzarini

Mannarino

Ribeiro

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Even though COVIDBENS monitoring program ended in March 2022, SARS-CoV-2 wastewater, we strongly believe that wastewater surveillance should continue for monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic. WBE is an effective tool with various applications that support public health actions (Prado et al 2023 ): (i) provides information about the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other potentially dangerous pathogens; (ii) detects early outbreaks; (iii) allows monitoring the effectiveness of the measures imposed by governments and local authorities to contain the viral transmission; (iv) alerts about the emergence of new pathogens, such as Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus or Monkeypox virus, recently considered in Europe; (v) serves to monitor antimicrobials resistance in the community; and (vi) helps political authorities to be prepared for future pandemics. For these reasons, the European Commission recommended the inclusion of WBE in the national detection strategies (EC 2021b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater early warning system for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and variants in a Coruña, Spain

Trigo-Tasende

Vallejo

Rumbo‐Feal

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Wastewater-based epidemiology has been widely used as a cost-effective method for tracking the COVID-19 pandemic at the community level. Here we describe COVIDBENS, a wastewater surveillance program running from June 2020 to March 2022 in the wastewater treatment plant of Bens in A Coruña (Spain). The main goal of this work was to provide an effective early warning tool based in wastewater epidemiology to help in decision-making at both the social and public health levels. RT-qPCR procedures and Illumina sequencing were used to weekly monitor the viral load and to detect SARS-CoV-2 mutations in wastewater, respectively. In addition, own statistical models were applied to estimate the real number of infected people and the frequency of each emerging variant circulating in the community, which considerable improved the surveillance strategy. Our analysis detected 6 viral load waves in A Coruña with concentrations between 103 and 106 SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies/L. Our system was able to anticipate community outbreaks during the pandemic with 8–36 days in advance with respect to clinical reports and, to detect the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in A Coruña such as Alpha (B.1.1.7), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529 and BA.2) in wastewater with 42, 30, and 27 days, respectively, before the health system did. Data generated here helped local authorities and health managers to give a faster and more efficient response to the pandemic situation, and also allowed important industrial companies to adapt their production to each situation. The wastewater-based epidemiology program developed in our metropolitan area of A Coruña (Spain) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic served as a powerful early warning system combining statistical models with mutations and viral load monitoring in wastewater over time.

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“…Environmental surveillance conducted by sampling sewage and wastewater is the method of choice to ensure earlier detection of poliovirus. Prado et al assessed the value of wastewater-based epidemiology and its application in Latin America, including for surveillance of poliovirus circulation ( 12 ). Wastewater-based epidemiology complements clinical surveillance systems.…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of a genetically stable, novel oral type 2 poliovirus vaccine in the poliomyelitis endgame

Clemens

Santos

Gonzalez

et al. 2023

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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Poliovirus infection causes paralysis in up to 1 in 200 infected persons. The use of safe and effective inactivated poliovirus vaccines and live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) means that only two pockets of wildtype poliovirus type 1 remain, in Afghanistan and Pakistan. However, OPVs can revert to virulence, causing outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV). During 2020–2022, cVDPV type 2 (cVDPV2) was responsible for 97–99% of poliomyelitis cases, mainly in Africa. Between January and August 2022, cVDPV2 was detected in sewage samples in Israel, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, where a case of acute flaccid paralysis caused by cVDPV2 also occurred. The Pan American Health Organization has warned that Brazil, the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Peru are at very high risk for the reintroduction of poliovirus and an additional eight countries in Latin America are at high risk, following dropping vaccination rates (average 80% coverage in 2022). Sabin type 2 monovalent OPV has been used to control VDPV2 outbreaks, but its use could also lead to outbreaks. To address this issue, a more genetically stable, novel OPV2 (nOPV2) was developed against cVDPV2 and in 2020 was granted World Health Organization Emergency Use Listing. Rolling out a novel vaccine under the Emergency Use Listing in mass settings to contain outbreaks requires unique local regulatory and operational preparedness.

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Wastewater-based epidemiology for preventing outbreaks and epidemics in Latin America – Lessons from the past and a look to the future

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

SARS-CoV-2 surveillance-based on municipal solid waste leachate in Brazil

SARS-CoV-2 surveillance-based on municipal solid waste leachate in Brazil

Wastewater early warning system for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and variants in a Coruña, Spain

The role of a genetically stable, novel oral type 2 poliovirus vaccine in the poliomyelitis endgame

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