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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Interestingly, during the analysis of the labial gland extracts (data no shown) we found a group of samples with the same composition but in different proportions. According to the literature, M. beecheii bees first fly at the age of 33 days, probably to orient themselves in the environment; the first foraging flight is at 40-days-old, although at 20 days of age, a constant proportion of bees leave the hive to feed (Biesmeijer and Tóth 1998;Medina-Medina et al 2014), and thus it is concluded that age is not a factor for initiating the search for food. For this reason, we can infer that, although the profiles found here are not significant, there are foragers of different ages that search for food.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, during the analysis of the labial gland extracts (data no shown) we found a group of samples with the same composition but in different proportions. According to the literature, M. beecheii bees first fly at the age of 33 days, probably to orient themselves in the environment; the first foraging flight is at 40-days-old, although at 20 days of age, a constant proportion of bees leave the hive to feed (Biesmeijer and Tóth 1998;Medina-Medina et al 2014), and thus it is concluded that age is not a factor for initiating the search for food. For this reason, we can infer that, although the profiles found here are not significant, there are foragers of different ages that search for food.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The removal of waste would help to avoid attracting parasitic phorids, which can harm a colony. Waste provides a substrate on which potentially harmful microorganisms thrive (Medina, Hart, & Ratnieks, 2014). It contains scutellum stored by the bees, and phorids are attracted by the smell of fermented scutellum.…”
Section: Natural Enemiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Social animals prevent the spread of pathogens through prophylactic behaviours [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. To prevent infection and spread of pathogens from refuse disposals, social organisms have strategies of waste management, including the location of refuse piles (external refuse piles or internal nest chambers; [6,[13][14][15][16][17]) and waste handling by specialized individuals [13,[18][19][20]. Adequate waste management is essential for the survival of societies and studying waste management therefore enlightens the understanding of the evolution and maintenance of group living [21,22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%