Warning signs as countermeasures to camel–vehicle collisions in Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi, Ali S.; AlGadhi, Saad A H

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2003.05.006

Cited by 69 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions (WVCs) are a global problem that impact both wildlife and motorists [1]–[5]. The sheer number of animals that are killed in vehicle-collisions is alarming; in the United States alone it has been estimated that ∼1 million vertebrates are killed every day [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions in the Information Age: How Smartphones Can Improve Data Collection

et al. 2014

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BackgroundCurrently there is a critical need for accurate and standardized wildlife-vehicle collision data, because it is the underpinning of mitigation projects that protect both drivers and wildlife. Gathering data can be challenging because wildlife-vehicle collisions occur over broad areas, during all seasons of the year, and in large numbers. Collecting data of this magnitude requires an efficient data collection system. Presently there is no widely adopted system that is both efficient and accurate.Methodology/Principal FindingsOur objective was to develop and test an integrated smartphone-based system for reporting wildlife-vehicle collision data. The WVC Reporter system we developed consisted of a mobile web application for data collection, a database for centralized storage of data, and a desktop web application for viewing data. The smartphones that we tested for use with the application produced accurate locations (median error = 4.6–5.2 m), and reduced location error 99% versus reporting only the highway/marker. Additionally, mean times for data entry using the mobile web application (22.0–26.5 s) were substantially shorter than using the pen/paper method (52 s). We also found the pen/paper method had a data entry error rate of 10% and those errors were virtually eliminated using the mobile web application. During the first year of use, 6,822 animal carcasses were reported using WVC Reporter. The desktop web application improved access to WVC data and allowed users to easily visualize wildlife-vehicle collision patterns at multiple scales.Conclusions/SignificanceThe WVC Reporter integrated several modern technologies into a seamless method for collecting, managing, and using WVC data. As a result, the system increased efficiency in reporting, improved accuracy, and enhanced visualization of data. The development costs for the system were minor relative to the potential benefits of having spatially accurate and temporally current wildlife-vehicle collision data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions in the Information Age: How Smartphones Can Improve Data Collection

et al. 2014

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“…Despite warning signs being commonly used, there is little evidence that they significantly change driver behaviour and reduce road-kill rates (Dique et al 2003;Al-Ghamdi and AlGadhi 2004). Standard kangaroo warning signs were ineffective at reducing macropod road-kill rates immediately following erection along the Northern Highway in central Victoria in 1978 (Coulson 1982).…”

Section: Wildlife Warning Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roads and macropods: interactions and implications

Bond

Jones

2014

Aust. Mammalogy

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Abstract. Understanding the impacts of roads on wildlife and the natural environment is of increasing importance. Macropods (mostly kangaroos and wallabies) are a diverse and widespread taxon in Australia that has been significantly affected by the presence of roads in various ways. We reviewed the available literature on macropods and roads, assessing 60 scientific journal articles, reports and theses. Studies on road mortalities were the most prevalent (n = 29, with 12 on macropods only), revealing both spatial and temporal patterns in occurrence. Behavioural studies in relation to the road environment are limited (n = 2) yet could help our understanding of patterns of road-kill and other impacts. Some macropod populations are critically affected by the presence of roads (e.g. brush-tailed rock-wallaby, Petrogale penicillata) due to either proportionately high road mortalities and/or population fragmentation, and may face continued decline unless effective road-mitigation measures are implemented. Investigations of various types of road mitigation focussed on wildlife-exclusion fencing and road crossing structures as the most effective option, although the high cost of these measures appears to limit their implementation. Further research into several areas was identified, particularly on species where severe road impacts are likely to result in population declines.

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“…Additionally, although some research on wildlife-vehicle collisions examines attempts to modify human behavior (Messmer et al, 2000;Gordon et al, 2001;Al-Ghamdi and AlGadhi, 2004), the literature has a much stronger emphasis on spatial separation (e.g., Clevenger and Waltho, 2000;Romin and Bissonette, 1996;Farrell et al, 2002). Aside from no-entry zones for boats, spatial design approaches to minimize collisions between manatees and watercraft are difficult due to the nature of the marine environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Behavior in a Boating Speed Zone

2007

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The greatest source of human-related mortality for endangered Florida manatees is collisions with watercraft. Regulation of boat speeds is the principal management tool to minimize this threat. Demands on law enforcement limit their ability to monitor boater behavior and managers seek alternative strategies to increase compliance. The purposes of this study were to: (1) explore the effectiveness of an on-site sign to enhance boater compliance in a boating speed zone, and (2) Conservation Commission, unpublished data). Despite this effort, the leading identified human-related mortality factor continues to be collisions with watercraft (USFWS, 2001).Concern that boaters have not been adhering to manatee speed zone regulations led to a number of boating studies investigating compliance, and compliance studies are currently included as an objective in the current revision of the manatee recovery plan (USFWS, 2001). As defined by Ridgeway (2000), compliance is a change in behavior toward a group standard to avoid punishment or receive a reward. Because an individual can conform to a standard without personally believing in it, compliance does not necessarily denote an enduring behavioral change. From these boating studies, we can conclude that a myriad of variables both within and between study sites are related to compliance. However, there are two general trends: personal watercraft (e.g., jet skis) tend to be the least compliant vessels (Gorzelany, 1996(Gorzelany, , 1998(Gorzelany, , 2000Gorzelany, 2001;Shapiro, 2001;Tyson & Combs, 1999), and compliance tends to be positively correlated with vessel length (Gorzelany, 1998(Gorzelany, , 2001Shapiro, 2001; Tyson & Coombs, 1999; but see Tyson, 2001). Other identified relationships between compliance and observed variables (e.g., direction of travel) tend to vary among sites (Shapiro, 2001).Previous research on boating behavior in manatee speed zones indicates that the presence of law enforcement mediates compliance (Gorzelany, 1996(Gorzelany, , 1998(Gorzelany, , 2001Shapiro, 2001; Tyson& Coombs, 1999). This was further supported by a survey of Florida boaters in the Tampa Bay region that asked respondents about variables influencing compliance (Aipanjiguly et al., 2003). However, demands on wildlife officers at the local, state, and federal levels as well as the widely dispersed locations of manatee zones around the state, preclude the officers' ability to maintain a persistent presence in manatee zones. Thus, wildlife managers seek strategies to increase compliance without increasing the burden on law enforcement agencies.The purpose of this study was twofold: to investigate the effect of an alternative method of increasing compliance and to examine covariates that may help law enforcement understand and predict noncompliance. First, we examined the effectiveness of a supplemental on-site sign with messages providing two possible consequences of noncompliance (i.e., being sanctioned and colliding with a manatee) as well as the proper coping mechanism to avoid these ...

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Warning signs as countermeasures to camel–vehicle collisions in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 69 publications

References 4 publications

Monitoring Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions in the Information Age: How Smartphones Can Improve Data Collection

Monitoring Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions in the Information Age: How Smartphones Can Improve Data Collection

Roads and macropods: interactions and implications

Factors Influencing Behavior in a Boating Speed Zone

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