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Kepp, Dorte R.; Sidelmann, Ulla G.; Hansen, Steen Honoré

doi:10.1023/a:1012125700497

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Ibuprofen is almost completely metabolized, with little to no unchanged drug found in the urine [1,9,12]. The primary route of elimination is oxidative metabolism by CYP enzymes to inactive metabolites (Fig.…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urinary excretion of the two major metabolites, carboxy-ibuprofen and 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen (and their corresponding acyl glucuronides), accounts for ~37 and 25% of an administered dose, respectively [1,9]. Small amounts of other hydroxylated metabolites (3-hydroxy-ibuprofen and 1-hydroxy-ibuprofen) have also been detected in urine [12]. …”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CYP2C9 is the primary CYP isoform responsible for ibuprofen clearance, catalyzing the formation of 3-hydroxy-ibuprofen (most of which is subsequently converted to carboxy-ibuprofen by cytosolic dehydrogenases [12,13]) and 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen [13,14]. Consequently, coadministration of ibuprofen with CYP2C9 inhibitors (i.e.…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PharmGKB summary

Mazaleuskaya

Theken

Gong³

et al. 2015

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

128

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Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PharmGKB summary

Mazaleuskaya

Theken

Gong³

et al. 2015

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

128

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“…S-(+)-ibuprofen and R-(-)-ibuprofen were kindly donated by Nycomed DAK A/S (Roskilde, DK). The P-1-0-acyl glucuronic acid conjugates of Ibu (Ibu-glcU), 2'-hydroxyibuprofen (OH-Ibu-glcU) and of 2'-carboxyibuprofen (COOH-Ibu-glcU), respectively, were isolated and purified from human urine after oral administration of ibuprofen [9]. Nyfen@ tablets containing 150 mg S-ibuprofen and Ibuprofen@ tablets containing 200 mg RS-ibuprofen were obtained from Nycomed DAK A/S.…”

Section: Chemicals and Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of the enantiomers of ibuprofen and its major phase I metabolites in urine using capillary electrophoresis

et al. 1998

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A capillary electrophoresis method for determination of the enantiomers of ibuprofen and its major phase I metabolites: 2'-hydroxyibuprofen and 2'-carboxyibuprofen in urine samples have been developed. Cyclodextrins and linear dextrins have been investigated as chiral selectors. Simultaneous chiral separation of the enantiomers of ibuprofen, 2'-hydroxyibuprofen and 2'-carboxyibuprofen was obtained using a mixture of dextrin 10 and heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin in a 2-[N-morpholino]ethanesulphonic acid buffer, pH 5.26. The electroosmotic flow was reversed using hexadimethrine bromide as a buffer additive. The method can be used for the determination of the free enantiomers of ibuprofen, 2'-hydroxyibuprofen and 2'-carboxyibuprofen as well as for the indirect determination of their glucuronic acid conjugates in urine samples.

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“…Organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals enter the water cycle either as the original compound or in a metabolized form at low loads [2], resulting in relatively low concentrations, that is, in the ng/L– μ g/L range [3, 4]. The upper range of these concentrations is found in wastewater that originates from the so-called hot-spots such as hospitals or elderly houses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Removal of the Pharmaceutical Compounds Ibuprofen and Diclofenac from Wastewater

Langenhoff

Inderfurth

Veuskens

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

109

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Studies on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals show that the widely used pharmaceuticals ibuprofen and diclofenac are present in relevant concentrations in the environment. A pilot plant treating hospital wastewater with relevant concentrations of these pharmaceuticals was evaluated for its performance to reduce the concentration of the pharmaceuticals. Ibuprofen was completely removed, whereas diclofenac yielded a residual concentration, showing the necessity of posttreatment to remove diclofenac, for example, activated carbon. Successively, detailed laboratory experiments with activated sludge from the same wastewater treatment plant showed bioremediation potential in the treatment plant. The biological degradation pathway was studied and showed a mineralisation of ibuprofen and degradation of diclofenac. The present microbes were further studied in laboratory experiments, and DGGE analyses showed the enrichment and isolation of highly purified cultures that degraded either ibuprofen or diclofenac. This research illuminates the importance of the involved bacteria for the effectiveness of the removal of pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant. A complete removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater will stimulate water reuse, addressing the worldwide increasing demand for clean and safe fresh water.

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Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

PharmGKB summary

PharmGKB summary

Separation of the enantiomers of ibuprofen and its major phase I metabolites in urine using capillary electrophoresis

Microbial Removal of the Pharmaceutical Compounds Ibuprofen and Diclofenac from Wastewater

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