“…It should be noted that there exist many different definitions and understandings of coproduction Loeffler, 2021a;Pestoff, 2012) and similar concepts in the literature, such as co-creation (Brandsen et al, 2018;Loeffler, 2021b;Rodriguez Müller et al, 2021;Torfing et al, 2019;Voorberg et al, 2015), although some argue that for example coproduction and co-creation are conceptually distinct (Torfing et al, 2019). Co-production is in this article defined as a process that takes place between users and professionals, rather than as processes in the collaboration between, for example, the public and the nonprofit sector, between public and nonprofit organizations, or between public organizations and external stakeholders (Brandsen et al, 2018;Ibsen, 2021;Jukić et al, 2019;Verschuere et al, 2012).…”