Volumetric changes in hypothalamic subunits in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

Genç, Barış; Şen, Sedat; Aslan, Kerim; İncesu, Lütfi

doi:10.1007/s00234-023-03122-z

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Contrary to the well-known and fundamental role of the hypothalamus, a very small number of studies have investigated the functional role of demyelination of hypothalamus nuclei in MS individuals (22). To further elucidate the roles of HPG axis disturbances, the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus was histologically examined in the chronic demyelination mouse model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chronic demyelination interferes with normal spermatogenesis in cuprizone-intoxicant C57/BL 6 mice: An experimental study

Dorikhani,

Omidi,

Movahedin

et al. 2024

IJRM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Due to myelin and axonal insults in multiple sclerosis individuals, motor coordination problems and endocrine imbalance may develop. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the role of chronic demyelination on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods: 20 adult C57/BL6 male mice were divided into 2 groups (n = 10/each) as follows: the control group (CONT) received a regular diet for 17 wk; and the experimental group (cuprizone [CPZ]) was fed with 0.2% CPZ for 12 wk and, then CPZ was withdrawn for 5 wk. Serum testosterone, histopathology of the brain and testis, and sperm analysis were evaluated. Results: The hypothalamic myelin content was significantly decreased in the arcuate nucleus following the 12 wk of CPZ consumption compared to the CONT group, and the statistical difference remained until 17 wk. Testosterone levels declined significantly in the CPZ group compared to the CONT group in the 12th and 17th wk. A significant decrease was observed in the height of the seminiferous epithelium and the interstitial tissue area, and the number of seminiferous epithelial cells in the CPZ group compared to the CONT group in the 12th and 17th wk. The sperm count, motility, and viability in the CPZ group significantly decreased compared to the CONT group in the 12th and 17th wk of the study. Conclusion: Chronic demyelination induced by CPZ intoxication, maybe through damage to the hypothalamus arcuate nucleus, leads to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis disturbance and damage to the testis and spermatogenesis subsequently. Key words: Multiple sclerosis, Cuprizone, Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, Spermatogenesis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…analysis showed the demyelinating lesions in the hypothalamus and revealed a significant reduction in the total volume of the hypothalamus and its subunits in MS individuals (22). In addition, brain MRIs disclose that individuals with active MS have a higher frequency of lesions in their hypothalamus (25).…”

Section: Neuroimagingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronic demyelination interferes with normal spermatogenesis in cuprizone-intoxicant C57/BL 6 mice: An experimental study

Dorikhani,

Omidi,

Movahedin

et al. 2024

IJRM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is plausible to propose a potential association between third ventricle enlargement in MOGAD patients and hypothalamic atrophy to a certain extent, indicating severe involvement of the hypothalamus. A previous study suggested that atrophy of the anterior hypothalamus and superior tubular subunit may worsen the prognosis of relapsing–remitting MS patients by impairing the HPA axis response in MS patients [ 31 ]. However, whether hypothalamic atrophy has a similar effect on the prognosis of MOGAD patients remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of hypothalamic involvement in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and multiple sclerosis

Luo,

Zhong,

Shen

et al. 2024

Euro J of Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and purposeWe aimed to characterize hypothalamic involvement in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD) and compare it with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsA retrospective study was performed to identify hypothalamic lesions in patients diagnosed with MOGAD, NMOSD, or MS from January 2013 to May 2020. The demographic, clinical, and radiological features were recorded. Hypothalamic dysfunction and prognosis were assessed through physical examination, biochemical testing, sleep monitoring, and magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsHypothalamic lesions were observed in seven of 96 patients (7.3%) with MOGAD, 34 of 536 (6.3%) with NMOSD, and 16 of 356 (4.5%) with MS (p = 0.407). The time from disease onset to development of hypothalamic lesions was shortest in MOGAD (12 months). The frequency of bilateral hypothalamic lesions was the lowest in MOGAD (p = 0.008). The rate of hypothalamic dysfunction in MOGAD was 28.6%, which was lower than that in NMOSD (70.6%) but greater than that in MS patients (18.8%; p = 0.095 and p = 0.349, respectively). Hypothalamic dysfunction in MOGAD manifests as hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysfunction and hypersomnia. The proportion of complete regression of hypothalamic lesions in MOGAD (100%) was much greater than that in NMOSD (41.7%) and MS patients (18.2%; p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively). An improvement in hypothalamic dysfunction was observed in all MOGAD patients after immunotherapy.ConclusionsMOGAD patients have a relatively high incidence of asymptomatic hypothalamic lesions. The overall prognosis of patients with hypothalamic involvement is good in MOGAD, as the lesions completely resolve, and dysfunction improves after immunotherapy.

show abstract

“…One such segmentation tool by Billot et al (2020) divides the hypothalamic nuclei into five subunits based on visible anatomical landmarks with specific nuclear subgroupings (Makris et al, 2013), including: (i) the anterior-superior hypothalamus; (ii) the anterior-inferior hypothalamus; (iii) the superior tuberal hypothalamus; (iv) the inferior tuberal hypothalamus; and (v) the posterior hypothalamus. Validation studies have identified regional changes within these hypothalamus subregions have meaningful links to functional disturbances in clinical populations such as frontotemporal dementia (Shapiro et al, 2022), multiple sclerosis (Genç et al, 2023) and obesity (Thomas et al, 2019). In addition, a growing body of research suggests structural changes related to pathology and neuroinflammation can be observed in prodromal and early stages of neurological disease (Oestreich and O'Sullivan, 2022), including subcortical gray matter volumes (Han and Ham, 2021), making it a viable tool for studying potential hypothalamic disturbances in adolescents recently diagnosed with ME/CFS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration

Byrne

Josev

Knight

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex illness of unknown aetiology. Emerging theories suggest ME/CFS may reflect a progressive, aberrant state of homeostasis caused by disturbances within the hypothalamus, yet few studies have investigated this using magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents with ME/CFS. We conducted a volumetric analysis to investigate whether whole and regional hypothalamus volumes in adolescents with ME/CFS differed compared to healthy controls, and whether these volumes were associated with fatigue severity and illness duration. 48 adolescents (25 ME/CFS, 23 controls) were recruited. Lateralised whole and regional hypothalamus volumes, including the anterior–superior, superior tubular, posterior, anterior-inferior and inferior tubular subregions, were calculated from T1-weighted images. When controlling for age, sex and intracranial volume, Bayesian linear regression revealed no evidence for differences in hypothalamus volumes between groups. However, in the ME/CFS group, a negative linear relationship between right anterior-superior volumes and fatigue severity was identified, which was absent in controls. In addition, Bayesian ordinal regression revealed a likely-positive association between illness duration and right superior tubular volumes in the ME/CFS group. While these findings suggest overall comparability in regional and whole hypothalamus volumes between adolescents with ME/CFS and controls, preliminary evidence was identified to suggest greater fatigue and longer illness duration were associated with greater right anterior-superior and superior-tubular volumes, respectively. These regions contain the anterior and superior divisions of the paraventricular nucleus, involved in the neuroendocrine response to stress, suggesting involvement in ME/CFS pathophysiology. However, replication in a larger, longitudinal cohort is required.

show abstract

Volumetric changes in hypothalamic subunits in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Chronic demyelination interferes with normal spermatogenesis in cuprizone-intoxicant C57/BL 6 mice: An experimental study

Chronic demyelination interferes with normal spermatogenesis in cuprizone-intoxicant C57/BL 6 mice: An experimental study

A comparative study of hypothalamic involvement in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and multiple sclerosis

Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About