Volume responses to medicare payment reductions with multiple payers: a test of the McGuire–Pauly model

Colony‐Stimulating Factor Use and Impact on Febrile Neutropenia Among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Breast, Colorectal, or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Were Receiving Chemotherapy

“…Successful instruments account for unmeasured factors that could bias the analysis. This analytic technique has been applied to health care research to address selection bias …”

Improving Outpatient Oncology Practice: Several Steps Into a Long Journey

“…Future efforts might also document whether the United experiment had positive or negative impacts on practice organization and treatment decisions across all patients cared for by the participating practices. 11,12 So-called spillover effects can also work in the opposite direction: the oncologists participating in the United pilot might have also been subject to other patient monitoring and quality of care incentives through other insurers or their own general practice policies. In both cases, understanding the payer mix and other monitoring and incentive programs at the time of the pilot might help clarify some of the findings and help in planning future interventions.…”

How Much Do Hospitals Cost Shift? A Review of the Evidence

“…The empirical literature identifies many possible hospital responses to decreases in public payments, including (1) a reduction in staff or wages, (2) a reduction in (underutilized) capacity, (3) changes in quality, (4) a reduction in services (trauma center, emergency rooms), (5) a lower diffusion rate of technology, (6) closure, (7) an upcoding of diagnostic information in order to get higher payments from Medicare, (8) volume shifting, and (9) cost shifting (Cutler 1998; Dafny 2005; Dranove and White 1998; Tai‐Seale, Rice, and Stearns 1998). Given all these possible responses and in light of the relatively narrow range of circumstances in which cost shifting can theoretically occur, it is not surprising that the empirical literature shows that cost shifting usually does not completely offset shortfalls in public payments.…”