Volume reduction of the corpus callosum and its relationship with deficits in interhemispheric transfer of information in recent-onset psychosis

Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Studies in Major Depressive Disorder With Psychotic Features: A Critical Review

“…Some brain regions, such as the superior temporal gyrus and corpus callosum, display a notable specificity for involvement in first-episode schizophrenia. 7,8,66,71 However, an important source of bias in these studies lies in the fact that the groups of schizophrenia subjects have been almost invariably larger than those of affective disorder subjects, 7,67,68,71,72 increasing the risk of type II errors in the comparisons involving the latter groups. Moreover, several of the cohorts of subjects with first-episode affective psychoses have included predominantly 7,67 or almost exclusively 65,68,70 patients with an established diagnosis of bipolar disorder.…”

“…1 Moreover, neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia have also shown disproportionate volumetric and cortical thickness reductions in a network of gray matter structures including the superior temporal gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, insula, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate gyrus, and thalamus [2][3][4] ; white matter integrity changes affecting deep frontal and temporal regions, as well as the long tracts that interconnect these lobes and the anterior thalamic radiation, cingulum, and fornix [4][5][6] ; and abnormal volume, shape, and white matter integrity of the corpus callosum. 4,7,8 Finally, using functional neuroimaging methods, several studies have demonstrated widespread patterns of brain activity deficits in prefrontal, temporolimbic, cingulate, parietal, and thalamic regions in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls. 9,10 In recent years, the investigation of boundaries between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder has also attracted a great deal of interest in the neuroimaging literature based on clinical, epidemiological, and molecular genetic findings that suggest that these 2 diagnostic categories may share psychopathological characteristics and causative factors.…”

Cavernous Angioma of the Corpus Callosum Presenting with Acute Psychosis

“…Actually, most of the reported cases describe a lipoma of the corpus callosum, which is associated with agenesis in about 50% of cases [2–6]. Some authors hypothesized that defective interhemispheric communication, which is largely mediated by corpus callosum, may underlie schizophrenia [7]. However, the relatively small number of reported cases with schizophrenia and corpus callosum abnormalities, along with the uncertain prevalence of such anomalies in the normal population, does not allow establishing a causal relationship [2, 3].…”

An Exploratory Biomechanical Analysis of the Side-to-Side Swing Patterns of Three Skilled Switch Hitters

“…The Cross Finger Localization Task (CFLT) has been validated as a test of callosal function, as it requires interhemispheric transfer of sensory information across the corpus callosum (Chaim et al, 2010). Briefly, in the task an experimenter, who cannot be seen by the subject, touches one of the subject's fingertips and the subject must then identify which fingertip is touched.…”

“…Callosal transfer is only needed in the crossed condition (opposite thumb). Chaim et al (2010) also acquired MRI data of the subject's corpus callosum volume. Among their findings, the researchers attained a significant positive correlation between performance on the crossed CFLT condition and corpus callosum volumes.…”