Voltage Balancing and Fluctuation-Suppression Methods of Floating Capacitors in a New Modular Multilevel Converter

Wang, Kui; Li, Yongdong; Zheng, Zedong; Xu, Lie

doi:10.1109/tie.2012.2201433

Cited by 332 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The modulator provides the number of inserted SMs which are selected depending on the capacitor voltages and the arm current direction [1], [27], [28]. However, additional switching actions can be required [29].…”

Section: Capacitor Voltage Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis and Balancing for Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Applications

Hahn

Andresen

Buticchi

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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Abstract-The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a very attractive solution for interfacing high voltages in hybrid networks. The MMC enables scalability to different power levels, full controllability provided by IGBTs and can achieve very high efficiencies by using a low switching frequency method as the nearest level modulation. However, the nearest level modulation requires a capacitor voltage balancing algorithm, which can result in unbalanced loading for the power semiconductors in the different submodules. Particularly at low power factor operation, which could occur in case of low-voltage ride through and of reactive power injection, the conventional algorithm is not effective anymore. This article provides thermal stress analysis of the MMC in operation and proposes a thermal balancing approach, which is embedded in the capacitor voltage balancing algorithm. The purpose of the thermal balancing is to achieve similar stress distribution among the different submodules to enhance the lifetime. The junction temperatures in the different submodules are studied for HVDC applications and the article proves experimentally, that the thermal balance within the submodules is significantly improved.

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Section: Capacitor Voltage Balancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis and Balancing for Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Applications

Hahn

Andresen

Buticchi

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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“…Nevertheless, by compared with other rival it Modelling and Simulation of Single Phase Multilevel Inverter with Minimum Power Devices and DC Sources surges the amount of hulking capacitors and switches. A multilevel inverter using series-connected dc voltage sources was recommended in [16]. It includes two stages one of them is a level-spawning stage and second stage is polarity generating part to lessen the switching losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Simulation of Single Phase Multilevel Inverter with Minimum Power Devices and DC Sources

K¹,

Kalaivani²

2017

IOSR JEEE

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“…Because the capacitor voltage balancing should be the most basic yet critical functionality of the MMC, various balancing techniques of the capacitor voltage have been discussed in [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Reference [1] deals with two types of pulse width modulated MMC (PWM-MMC), focusing on their circuit configurations and voltage balancing control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade-Off Strategies in Designing Capacitor Voltage Balancing Schemes for Modular Multilevel Converter HVDC

Nam¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology

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-This paper focuses on the engineering trade-offs in designing capacitor voltage balancing schemes for modular multilevel converters (MMC) HVDC: regulation performance and switching loss. MMC is driven by the on/off switch operation of numerous submodules and the key design concern is balancing submodule capacitor voltages minimizing switching transition among submodules because it represents the voltage regulation performance and system loss. This paper first introduces the state-ofthe-art MMC-HVDC submodule capacitor voltage balancing methods reported in the literatures and discusses the trade-offs in designing these methods for HVDC application. This paper further proposes a submodule capacitor balancing scheme exploiting a control signal to flexibly interchange between the on-state and the off-state submodules. The proposed scheme enables desired performance-based voltage regulation and avoids unnecessary switching transitions among submodules, consequently reducing the switching loss. The flexibility and controllability particularly fit in high-level MMC HVDC applications where the aforementioned design trade-offs become more crucial. Simulation studies for MMC HVDC are performed to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed capacitor voltage balancing algorithm.

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Voltage Balancing and Fluctuation-Suppression Methods of Floating Capacitors in a New Modular Multilevel Converter

Cited by 332 publications

References 21 publications

Thermal Analysis and Balancing for Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Applications

Thermal Analysis and Balancing for Modular Multilevel Converters in HVDC Applications

Modelling and Simulation of Single Phase Multilevel Inverter with Minimum Power Devices and DC Sources

Trade-Off Strategies in Designing Capacitor Voltage Balancing Schemes for Modular Multilevel Converter HVDC

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