Volcanic flux of nitrogen from the Earth

Sano, Yuji; Takahata, Naoto; Nishio, Yoshiro; Fischer, Tobias P.; Williams, Stanley N.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00252-7

Cited by 173 publications

(223 citation statements)

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“…The Earth's mantle is continuously discharging nitrogen for a long time (Javoy et al, 1986;Marty, 1995;Sano et al, 2001). Degassing occurs mainly as molecular N 2 .…”

Section: Implications For Nitrogen and Hydrogen Storage In The Earth'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because a significant amount of nitrogen release occurs at mid-ocean ridges (Sano et al, 2001) a nitrogen reservoir in normal mantle rocks, i.e., peridotites, must be considered. Our experiments have shown that Cr-diopsides have an NH 4 storage capacity in the range of 500 to 1000 ppm, making them ideal candidates for nitrogen storage at depth.…”

Section: Implications For Nitrogen and Hydrogen Storage In The Earth'mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most environments nitrogen is soon released to the surface via arc volcanism (e.g., Sano et al, 2001;Fischer et al, 2002) or lost during increasing metamorphic grade (Bebout and Fogel, 1992;Bebout et al, 1999;Sadofsky and Bebout, 2000;Mingram and Bräuer, 2001;Pöter et al, 2004;Plessen et al, in revision). By contrast, at cold slab conditions nitrogen remains in the rocks at least down to 90 km and very probably beyond the depth locus of island arc magmatism (Busigny et al, 2003a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the other end of the deep nitrogen cycle, molecular nitrogen, N 2 , is discharging from the Earth's mantle for a long time in hydrothermal and volcanic activities (e.g., Javoy et al, 1986;Marty, 1995). It has been suggested that the main nitrogen release would take place at mid-ocean ridges (Sano et al, 2001). Another approach ascribes the overall nitrogen output mainly to volcanic arcs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ammonium-bearing clinopyroxene: A potential nitrogen reservoir in the Earth's mantle

et al. 2010

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In the pseudobinary system CaMgSi 2 O 6 − (NH 4 )M 3+ Si 2 O 6 , with M = Cr or Al, and NH 4 OH in excess, multi-anvil experiments at 9.5 to 12.8 GPa, 725 to 750 • C produced NH 4 -bearing diopside. Incorporation mainly follows the coupled substitution (Ca. Ammonium was identified and quantified by IR spectroscopy. In Cr-bearing diopside we found maximum concentrations in the range of 500 to 1000 ppm of NH 4 .The storage capacity of mantle clinopyroxenes for ammonium turns them to potential candidates for the nitrogen reservoir in the Earth's upper mantle, and this mechanism also contributes to its water budget. While nitrogen is transported into the mantle via cold slabs through NH 4 inherited from sedimentary material, and stored in K-bearing minerals and successor high-pressure phases, nitrogen output from the mantle is through degassing of N 2 . A probable mechanism for that is that nitrogen is kept as NH 4 in clinopyroxene in the Earth's mid and lower mantle, whereas in the upper part, it is lost due to oxidation to molecular nitrogen. It is most likely that clinopyroxene plays a major role in the long-time, large-scale nitrogen cycle between surface and deep mantle of the Earth.

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“…The Earth's mantle is continuously discharging nitrogen for a long time (Javoy et al, 1986;Marty, 1995;Sano et al, 2001). Degassing occurs mainly as molecular N 2 .…”

Section: Implications For Nitrogen and Hydrogen Storage In The Earth'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Nitrogen and Hydrogen Storage In The Earth'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ammonium-bearing clinopyroxene: A potential nitrogen reservoir in the Earth's mantle

et al. 2010

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“…The major reservoirs contributing nitrogen to geothermal and volcanic gases in subduction zones are the atmosphere, upper mantle, and subducted hemipelagic sediments (Kita et al, 1993;Sano et al, 2001;Fischer et al, 2002). We use endmember d 15 N values for these components of 0& (Ozima and Podosek, 2002), À5 ± 2& (Marty, 1995;Cartigny et al, 1998;Sano et al, 1998;Marty and Zimmermann, 1999;Sano et al, 2001), and +7 ± 4& (Peters et al, 1978;Bebout and Fogel, 1992;Boyd and Pillinger, 1994;Bebout, 1995;Kienast, 2000;Sadofsky and Bebout, 2004;Li and Bebout, 2005) for atmosphere, upper mantle, and subducted hemipelagic sediments, respectively.…”

Section: Gas Provenance: Resolution Into Endmembersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing nitrogen in volcanic and geothermal volatiles from the Nicaraguan volcanic front

Elkins

Fischer

Hilton

et al. 2006

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

114

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We report new chemical and isotopic data from 26 volcanic and geothermal gases, vapor condensates, and thermal water samples, collected along the Nicaraguan volcanic front. The samples were analyzed for chemical abundances and stable isotope compositions, with a focus on nitrogen abundances and isotope ratios. These data are used to evaluate samples for volatile contributions from magma, air, air-saturated water, and the crust. Samples devoid of crustal contamination (based upon He isotope composition) but slightly contaminated by air or air-saturated water are corrected using N 2 /Ar ratios in order to obtain primary magmatic values, composed of contributions from upper mantle and subducted hemipelagic sediment on the down-going plate. Using a mantle endmember with d 15 N = À5& and N 2 /He = 100 and a subducted sediment component with d 15 N = +7& and N 2 /He = 10,500, the average sediment contribution to Nicaraguan volcanic and geothermal gases was determined to be 71%. Most of the gases were dominated by sediment-derived nitrogen, but gas from Volcán Mombacho, the southernmost sampling location, had a mantle signature (46% from subducted sediment, or 54% from the mantle) and an affinity with mantle-dominated gases discharging from Costa Rica localities to the south. High CO 2 /N 2 exc. ratios (N 2 exc. is the N 2 abundance corrected for contributions from air) in the south are similar to those in Costa Rica, and reflect the predominant mantle wedge input, whereas low ratios in the north indicate contribution by altered oceanic crust and/or preferential release of nitrogen over carbon from the subducting slab. Sediment-derived nitrogen fluxes at the Nicaraguan volcanic front, estimated by three methods, are 7.8 · 10 8 mol N/a from 3 He flux, 6.9 · 10 8 mol/a from SO 2 flux, and 2.1 · 10 8 and 1.3 · 10 9 mol/a from CO 2 fluxes calculated from 3 He and SO 2 , respectively. These flux results are higher than previous estimates for Central America, reflecting the high sediment-derived volatile contribution and the high nitrogen content of geothermal and volcanic gases in Nicaragua. The fluxes are also similar to but higher than estimated hemipelagic nitrogen inputs at the trench, suggesting addition of N from altered oceanic basement is needed to satisfy these flux estimates. The similarity of the calculated input of N via the trench to our calculated outputs suggests that little or none of the subducted nitrogen is being recycled into the deeper mantle, and that it is, instead, returned to the surface via arc volcanism.

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Geochemical and tectonic uplift controls on rock nitrogen inputs across terrestrial ecosystems

Morford

Houlton

Dahlgren

2016

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Rock contains > 99% of Earth's reactive nitrogen (N), but questions remain over the direct importance of rock N weathering inputs to terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Here we investigate the factors that regulate rock N abundance and develop a new model for quantifying rock N mobilization fluxes across desert to temperate rainforest ecosystems in California, USA. We analyzed the N content of 968 rock samples from 531 locations and compiled 178 cosmogenically derived denudation estimates from across the region to identify landscapes and ecosystems where rocks account for a significant fraction of terrestrial N inputs. Strong coherence between rock N content and geophysical factors, such as protolith, (i.e. parent rock), grain size, and thermal history, are observed. A spatial model that combines rock geochemistry with lithology and topography demonstrates that average rock N reservoirs range from 0.18 to 1.2 kg N m À3 (80 to 534 mg N kg À1 ) across the nine geomorphic provinces of California and estimates a rock N denudation flux of 20-92 Gg yr À1 across the entire study area (natural atmospheric inputs~140 Gg yr À1 ). The model highlights regional differences in rock N mobilization and points to the Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and the Klamath Mountains as regions where rock N could contribute meaningfully to ecosystem N cycling. Contrasting these data to global compilations suggests that our findings are broadly applicable beyond California and that the N abundance and variability in rock are well constrained across most of the Earth system.

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Volcanic flux of nitrogen from the Earth

Cited by 173 publications

References 22 publications

Ammonium-bearing clinopyroxene: A potential nitrogen reservoir in the Earth's mantle

Ammonium-bearing clinopyroxene: A potential nitrogen reservoir in the Earth's mantle

Tracing nitrogen in volcanic and geothermal volatiles from the Nicaraguan volcanic front

Geochemical and tectonic uplift controls on rock nitrogen inputs across terrestrial ecosystems

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