2012
DOI: 10.1590/s0100-06832012000300012
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Volatilização de amônia em solos alagados influenciada pela forma de aplicação de ureia

Abstract: A volatilização de amônia (NH3) e a nitrificação seguida pela desnitrificação são os principais mecanismos de perdas de N nos solos alagados destinados ao cultivo do arroz. Se os fertilizantes nitrogenados não forem manejados adequadamente, os índices de recuperação de N pelas plantas serão muito baixos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a volatilização de amônia em solos alagados influenciada pela forma de aplicação de ureia, em casa de vegetação. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, sendo um em Cambis… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…The losses of applied N fertilizer, particularly as gas, are typically higher in lowland rice ecosystems with saturated or flooded soil than in cropping systems with aerated soil (Zhu, 1997). Ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization, a gaseous emission of NH 3 to the atmosphere, is reportedly one of the major causes of the low N fertilizer efficiency and an important mechanism for N losses in lowland rice fields (Knoblauch et al, 2012;Jayaweera & Mikkelsen, 1990;Freney et al, 1993). The most important factor in NH 3 -volitalization is a high NH 4 -concentration of the floodwater combined with high pH (Vlek & Stumpe, 1978).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The losses of applied N fertilizer, particularly as gas, are typically higher in lowland rice ecosystems with saturated or flooded soil than in cropping systems with aerated soil (Zhu, 1997). Ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization, a gaseous emission of NH 3 to the atmosphere, is reportedly one of the major causes of the low N fertilizer efficiency and an important mechanism for N losses in lowland rice fields (Knoblauch et al, 2012;Jayaweera & Mikkelsen, 1990;Freney et al, 1993). The most important factor in NH 3 -volitalization is a high NH 4 -concentration of the floodwater combined with high pH (Vlek & Stumpe, 1978).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the case of urea, the losses of NH3 can reach almost 80%, with the superficial application in no-tillage, and 30% in the conventional tillage, and the incorporation in approximately 5.0-7.0 cm of depth in soil reduces, drastically, the loss of ammonia (Tasca et al, 2011). However, urea incorporation and eventual decrease in N losses due to volatilization did not reflect higher grain yields and higher economic returns, which may have occurred in function of area to be irrigated by central pivot, as reported by Knoblauch et al (2012), which conclude that the application of urea to soil by irrigation water reduces losses by volatilization of ammonia to insignificant values, minimizing N losses and allied to conservation practices, such as the no-tillage system adopted in the area for more than 10 years, which potentially increased OM contribution and N availability. Therefore, it would be more interesting to apply N to surface due to the greater ease of application and lower operational cost.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 75%
“…At pH 5.2, soil urease activity is 42-44% of the maximum soil-urease activity measured at pH 8.0 (Longo & Melo, 2005). Organic matter content in the soil increases the activity of soil microorganisms which, in turn, intensifies the urease production and, by extension, accelerates ammonia volatilization (Knoblauch et al, 2012).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The nitrogen losses associated with ammonia volatilization are also influenced by cation exchange capacity (Costa et al, 2004), humidity (Tasca et al, 2011), temperature (Da Ros et al, 2005), organic matter content (Knoblauch et al, 2012), pH (Sommer et al, 2004), and ammonium concentration (Rochette et al, 2009).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%