Volatility and stabilization of the price of coffee and cocoa in Côte d'Ivoire

Malan, Benoît Beïla

doi:10.17221/145/2012-agricecon

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This conversion of forestlands to agricultural lands was carried out for economic purposes. Indeed, due to the constant high price of cocoa and other cash crops, farmers migrate into the region to grow cash crops, mainly cocoa, which substantially threatens biodiversity [63]. This situation was similarly consistent in all forest management zones, except in the protected area, where forestlands remained unchanged.…”

Section: Trends In Lulc Changementioning

confidence: 83%

Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South-West Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Kouassi

Gyau²,

Diby

et al. 2021

Land

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Deforestation and land degradation remain two major economic and environmental threats in Côte d’Ivoire. This study assessed land use and land cover (LULC) change and farmers’ perceptions of the drivers and effects of deforestation and land degradation in south-western Côte d’Ivoire. We used remotely sensed data to determine LULC change trends, and a household survey to collect farmers’ perceptions of deforestation and land degradation. A total of 411 households were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and the focus group discussions involved 25 farmers. Landsat image analysis reported a drastic LULC change and a conversion of forestlands into agriculture from 1987 to 2015 at a rate of 1.44%/year and 3.44%/year for dense forests and degraded forests, respectively. The household survey revealed that the major causes of deforestation perceived by farmers included population growth (79.3%), extensive agriculture (72.9%), migration (54.2%) and logging (47.7%). Land degradation evolved, from a shortened fallow period (46.7%) and an inappropriate application of inputs (31.4%). The perceived major effects linked to deforestation encompassed land degradation (70.6%), loss of biodiversity (63.8%), global warming (56.9%) and loss of livelihood assets (54.3%). Therefore, this study recommends participatory landscape planning, reforestation and capacity building of stakeholders for sustainable intensification of the production systems to reduce LULC challenges for enhanced productive and protective functions of remaining forests.

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Section: Trends In Lulc Changementioning

confidence: 83%

Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South-West Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Kouassi

Gyau²,

Diby

et al. 2021

Land

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“…Equity has been a particularly strong focus of research within the coffee sector (Bray et al 2002;Raynolds 2002;Bacon 2008;Lyon et al 2010). Possible reasons for this equity focus include the major role that smallholders play in coffee production worldwide (Charveriat 2001;Gresser and Tickell 2002;IBGE 2006;Potts et al 2014); the volatility of global coffee prices and associated labour market insecurity (Gereffi and Korzeniewicz 1994;Ponte and Gibbon 2005;Malan 2013;Kolk 2013;Jena et al 2017); and the narrow share of profits allocated to farmers in the sector (e.g. Raynolds et al 2007;Bacon 2008;Beuchelt and Zeller 2011;Rueda and Lambin 2013, etc.).…”

Section: Certification and Social Equitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee certification in Brazil: compliance with social standards and its implications for social equity

Maguire‐Rajpaul

Rajpaul

McDermott

et al. 2018

Environ Dev Sustain

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This paper addresses the relationship between compliance with social performance criteria (the social outcomes that must be achieved for certification) and procedural (management) criteria and this relationship's significance for social equity at both farm and wider landscape levels. We consider social performance compliance to be pertinent to farm-level equity, and the relative compliance of small versus large farms to be pertinent to landscapelevel equity. Certification's management requirements are often deemed disproportionately burdensome for small, resource-poor producers, and hence a barrier to landscape-level equity. There is a lack of research examining how management criteria impact the ability of different sized farms to meet certification's social performance requirements. We analysed 435 certification audits, covering all Brazilian coffee farms that sought Rainforest Alliance certification from 2006 to 2014 inclusive: 80 individual farms and 23 groups of farms. In principle, undergoing group certification permits smallholders to benefit from economies of scale. Our analysis revealed a statistically significant, positive correlation between compliance with procedural (managing sustainability plans) and social performance criteria. This correlation was stronger for groups than individual farms. Group farms' compliance was statistically equivalent to that of individual farms, suggesting that group certification is achieving its intended purpose of socio-economic levelling of certified farmers. Over time, certified farms' average compliances improved. Our findings suggest that management requirements play an important role in improving smallholders' overall social sustainability performance and that group certification may help resource-poor smallholders achieve those requirements. Further work is required to understand causal mechanisms underlying the relationships we present.

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“…The net effect was a slight reduction of H price that did not encourage investment in new hectares or renewal of existing hectares. Price stabilization and risk-management mechanisms have been proposed to reduce the volatile and uncertain nature of the sector, but its successful application depends on transparency, fairness and intermediaries in the process (Mohan, 2007;Malan, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Real Option Analysis applied to the production of Arabica and Robusta Coffee in Ecuador

Jácome

Garrido

2017

Span. j. agric. res.

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The coffee market is distinguished for being volatile and uncertain in terms of domestic and international prices. Arabica and Robusta coffee are produced in 23 provinces of Ecuador. A decade-long decline of coffee production prompted the Ecuadorian government to launch a public program for replanting coffee trees towards the end of 2011. A grower's decision to enter, remain in or exit the coffee sector is based on fluctuating profits from each year's harvest sale. We analyzed the hypothesis whereby the coffee grower's decision to leave the sector is explained by volatile and uncertain prices. This paper aimed to evaluate the coffee sector with an application of Real Option Analysis for the period 2002-2012. We also defined entry (H) and exit (L) prices for Arabica and Robusta coffee for the analyzed period. Our findings revealed high H and L prices encourage growers to leave the sector for the most part of the analyzed period. High H and L prices resulted from high variable cost due to increasing wages for farm workers. The Ecuadorian government is developing a policy to help growers make production more efficient, encouraging them to remain in the sector in the long run.

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Volatility and stabilization of the price of coffee and cocoa in Côte d'Ivoire

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South-West Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Change and Farmers’ Perceptions of Deforestation and Land Degradation in South-West Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa

Coffee certification in Brazil: compliance with social standards and its implications for social equity

A Real Option Analysis applied to the production of Arabica and Robusta Coffee in Ecuador

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