Viviparity in Two Closely Related Epizoic Dermapterans Relies on Disparate Modifications of Reproductive Systems and Embryogenesis

Biliński, S; Jaglarz, Mariusz K.; Tworzydło, Wacław

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-23459-1_18

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Based on the literature, this structure could correspond to the “cephalic vesicle” commented by Bilinski et al (2018) or the “dorsal organ” mentioned by Panfilio and Roth (2010). Most dermapterans are oviparous, but two epizoic taxa, Arixeniidae and Hemimeridae, are considered viviparous as their embryos develop within the female (Bilinski et al, 2019). It was reported that in late embryos of the hemimerid Hemimerus talpoides , transformed ovarian cells from the mother and a portion of the dorsal vesicle from the embryo converge to form a “cephalic vesicle”, a structure proposed to be an analog to the placenta (Bilinski et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes as a new model for oogenesis and development studies in insects

et al. 2022

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Insects are the dominant group of animals on Earth. Despite this abundance, most of our knowledge about many aspects of their biology and development come from a unique model, the vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Nevertheless, in the last years, the advances in molecular tools and imaging techniques have allowed the emergence of new insect models, adding valuable information to decipher the morphogenetic bases behind the formation and evolution of the vast diversity of shapes, sizes, and patterns that characterize them. Earwigs belong to Dermaptera which is a small order clustered in the Polyneopteran group. They are hemimetabolous insects with a flattened body, characteristic abdominal pincers, and maternal care behavior. This last feature and their role in agroecosystems have been studied in cosmopolitan species such as Forficula auricularia and Euborellia annulipes; however, their reproduction and embryonic development have been poorly addressed in laboratory conditions. In response, here we describe the ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes embryogenesis and life cycle from nymphal to adult stages, its reproduction, and essential morphological and behavioral characters. Additionally, using confocal and transmission electron microscopy we analyzed in detail the morphogenesis of its peculiar meroistic polytrophic ovary. Our aim is to provide an emerging model system to perform comparative studies on insect oogenesis, development, and morphological evolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes as a new model for oogenesis and development studies in insects

et al. 2022

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Evolutionary origin and functioning of pregenital abdominal outgrowths in a viviparous insect, Arixenia esau

Tworzydło

Jaglarz

Pardyak

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Although pregenital abdominal outgrowths occur only rarely in pterygote insects, they are interesting from the evolutionary viewpoint because of their potential homology to wings. Our previous studies of early development of an epizoic dermapteran, Arixenia esau revealed that abdominal segments of the advanced embryos and larvae, growing inside a mother’s uterus, are equipped with paired serial outgrowths. Here, we focus on the origin and functioning of these outgrowths. We demonstrate that they bud from the lateral parts of the abdominal nota, persist till the end of intrauterine development, and remain in contact with the uterus wall. We also show that the bundles of muscle fibers associated with the abdominal outgrowths may facilitate flow of the haemolymph from the outgrowths’ lumen to the larval body cavity. Following completion of the intrauterine development, abdominal outgrowths are shed together with the larval cuticle during the first molt after the larva birth. Using immunohistochemical and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that the Arixenia abdominal outgrowths represent an evolutionary novelty, presumably related to intrauterine development, and suggest that they are not related to serial wing homologs.

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Development and reproductive biology of Dermaptera: a comparative study of thirteen species from eight families

Shimizu,

Machida

2024

ASP

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We examine and describe the embryonic development of 13 species from eight families of Dermaptera, i.e., all families excluding Karschiellidae, Hemimeridae, and Arixeniidae: Diplatys flavicollis (Diplatyidae), Cranopygia sp., Echinosoma sp., and Parapsalis infernalis (Pygidicranidae), Apachyus chartaceus (Apachyidae), Anisolabis maritima and Euborellia pallipes (Anisolabididae), Labidura riparia (Labiduridae), Forficula scudderi and Anechura harmandi (Forficulidae), Paralabella curvicauda (Spongiphoridae), and Proreus simulans and chelisochid gen. sp. (Chelisochidae). We also provide new findings on the reproductive biology of the Pygidicranidae and the postembryonic development of the Apachyidae. Based on information from the present and previous studies, we reconstruct the developmental and reproductive-biological groundplan for Dermaptera and discuss phylogenetic issues related to this order. We confirmed that Dermaptera possesses the embryological features (related to mode of embryonic formation and manner of blastokinesis) that are regarded as autapomorphies of Polyneoptera. Eudermaptera is characterized by the extraordinarily great length of the embryo which attains its maximum length in anatrepsis period, the positioning of its posterior end at the egg’s anterior ventral side, the type of egg tooth, and four larval instars. Anisolabididae, Labiduridae, and Eudermaptera share an elongation ratio of embryos in the anatrepsis period (ERE) of 160% or less and a larval instar number of five or less, whereas Protodermaptera is characterized by an ERE of 210% or more, a ratio of embryonic primordium relative to the egg’s longitudinal circumference (IL) of 40% or less, and a larval instar number of six or more. Notably, the ERE, IL, and larval instar number of Apachyidae are within the ranges observed in Protodermaptera.

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Viviparity in Two Closely Related Epizoic Dermapterans Relies on Disparate Modifications of Reproductive Systems and Embryogenesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

The ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes as a new model for oogenesis and development studies in insects

The ring‐legged earwig Euborellia annulipes as a new model for oogenesis and development studies in insects

Evolutionary origin and functioning of pregenital abdominal outgrowths in a viviparous insect, Arixenia esau

Development and reproductive biology of Dermaptera: a comparative study of thirteen species from eight families

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