Vitamin D Levels and Early Onset Sepsis in Newborns

Jeengar, Balveer; Gothwal, Sunil; Meena, Kailash; Garg, Vijendra Kumar; Athwani, Vivek; Gupta, Manohar Lal; Meena, Kuldeep; Bairwa, Ghan Shyam

doi:10.1177/09732179211019905

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Additionally, Soliman et al observed that vitamin D, at a cutoff point of 18.75 ng/ml, had a 100% sensitivity, and 80% specificity for the diagnosis of newborn sepsis [ 26 ]. Another case–control study which recruited sixty-two infants with EOS and the same number as a control group, revealed that vitamin D levels were considerably lower in EOS with a cutoff value of 25 ng/ml, 88.7% sensitivity, and 79% specificity [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of low vitamin D level and full-term early-onset neonatal sepsis; a case-control study

Mohamed,

Kamel,

Fouda

et al. 2024

Ital J Pediatr

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Background Sepsis is one of the main causes of death in newborns worldwide. Vitamin D levels during fetal and neonatal periods have a significant role in the development of the immunological system. The study aims to evaluate the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis in full-term neonates in a developing country. Methods This case–control study was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) of Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The study was composed of two groups; the sepsis group involved full-term neonates appropriate for gestational age with sepsis-related clinical signs. The control group included newborns with no signs of clinical/laboratory infection within 72 h of life. Blood samples were collected on admission during the first three days of life in both groups for the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, Complete Blood Count (CBC), C reactive protein (CRP), and blood culture. Results Forty-five newborns with clinical and laboratory findings of early-onset neonatal sepsis within 72 h of life were enrolled, and the control group included forty-five newborns with no evidence of sepsis. Vitamin D levels in the sepsis group were significantly lower than in the control group. Apgar score at the first minute was significantly lower in the sepsis group. 57.8% of neonates with sepsis had positive blood cultures. There was a statistical difference between deficient, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D levels regarding the duration of the NICU stay, which was longer in neonates with deficient vitamin D levels. CRP was significantly higher in neonates with deficient vitamin D levels. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for serum vitamin D in the prediction of neonatal sepsis was 0.76 at a cutoff < 19.7(ng/ml). Conclusion In the current study, full-term newborns with EOS had considerably lower vitamin D levels than healthy controls. Through appropriate vitamin supplementation of the mothers during pregnancy, it could be possible to ensure adequate vitamin D levels for newborns. This may contribute to the reduction of the risk of EOS, together with the other well-known preventive measures (i.e. breastfeeding and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D levels may have an impact on the production of immunoglobulins, T cell lymphocyte activation, killer and T helper cell differentiation, neutrophil migration, and the production of antimicrobial peptides. Moreover, cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D low levels have been related to the risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%