Vitamin D endocrine system and the genetic susceptibility to diabetes, obesity and vascular disease. A review of evidence

Reis, AF; Hauache, Omar M.; Velho, Gilberto

doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70200-8

Cited by 106 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to a wide range of chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer and autoimmune diseases. 13,14 In adults, vitamin D deficiency has been proposed to be a risk factor for the development of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes because it reduces insulin secretion and sensitivity. 15 --17 Therefore, vitamin D deficiency in obese individuals who are already at high risk of developing metabolic complications may aggravate those complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status and glucose homeostasis in obese children and adolescents living in the tropics

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND: Pediatric obesity continues to rise and has become a major health problem worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been increasing among obese non-Asian children and is associated with abnormal glucose homeostasis in obese adults. However, data on the vitamin D status and its association with glucose homeostasis in obese children residing in tropical Asian countries are unavailable. OBJECTIVE: To assess vitamin D status and glucose homeostasis in obese Thai children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 150 obese, and 29 healthy non-obese children and adolescents were enrolled. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were obtained. All obese children underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with glucose and insulin measurements. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) and calciotropic blood chemistries were measured in all participants. Insulin sensitivity indices were calculated from the measured glucose and insulin levels. RESULTS: Approximately 25% of the obese children and adolescents had impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and diabetes. Seventeen out of 150 (11.3%) obese children and 3 out of 29 (10.3%) non-obese children had vitamin D deficiency, which was defined as a 25-OHD level of o50 nmol l À1 . Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity indices were comparable between obese children with sufficient vitamin D and those with vitamin D deficiency. There were no relationships among serum 25-OHD; weight, height, and BMI standard deviation scores; insulin sensitivity indices; FPG and insulin; and 2-h plasma glucose and insulin levels. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency is not as prevalent in obese Thai children as in obese non-Asian children from highlatitude countries. Adiposity per se is unlikely to be a determinant of vitamin D status in these obese individuals. There was no association between vitamin D deficiency and abnormal glucose homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D status and glucose homeostasis in obese children and adolescents living in the tropics

et al. 2012

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“…These findings are consistent with the previous study of Hatun S et al, [8] Kadowaki S et al and Lee S ea al in which they observed a siginificant decrease of vitamin D in obese children compare to non-obese children. [9,10] Similarly, Scragg R et al, 11 Holick MF et al, [12] and Reis AF et al, [13] recorded significantly low vitamin D in comparison of higher BMI. This decrease of vitamin D in obese children may be due low quality food.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…[11] Reports recorded it also has an important role in paracrine and autocrine in adipose tissue. [12,13] The relationship of vitamin D, obesity and insulin resistance is still not clear in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency may induce the altered glucose tolerance in obese children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and its Relation with Insulin Resistance in Obese Children

Mathur¹,

Soni²,

Kukreja³

2018

AIMDR

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Background: Deficiency of vitamin D leads to mal skeletal growth in children; moreover it is becoming an epidemic throughout the world. Decrease level of vitamin D can cause diverse of skeletal disorders in children like rickets, osteopenia etc. The relationship of vitamin D, obesity and insulin resistance is still not clear in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency may induce the altered glucose tolerance in obese children. Therefore the present study was designed to investigate the relationship of vitamin D and insulin resistance in obese children. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional type of study which was conducted in paediatric department of TMMC & RC, Moradabad. This study included 120 obese children (60 males and 60 females) of mean age 12 ± 2.6 years in group I. Control group II contained 100 healthy none obese children (50 males and 50 females) of 12.2 ± 1.8 years. Insulin resistance was calculated from fasting plasma measurements using HOMA-IR (insulin (mU/L) × glucose (mmol/l)/22.5). Insulin resistance criteria were HOMA-IR >2.5 for children. Vitamin D was measured by ELISA method (kit manufactured by Cayman chemical company, Ann Arbor, USA). Results: There was an insignificant difference in the FBG (>0.05) of group I obese children and group II control. Insulin (<0.05) and HOMA-IR (<0.01) were significantly low in obese children in comparison of none-obese children. Vitamin D (<0.01) was significantly lower in obese children compare to healthy children. vitamin D was negatively correlated with BMI (r = -0.42, r2 =0.1764, p<0.05) in obese children. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D and insulin resistance (r = -0.52, r2 =0.2704, p<0.05) in obese children. Conclusion: Present study suggests that there was strong relation between insulin resistance and obesity. Vitamin D was negatively correlated with BMI and insulin resistance. These findings strongly suggest vitamin D level may found insufficient or deficient in obese children. Therefore, obese children should be screened for vitamin D deficiency for their normal skeletal growth.

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“…Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased insulin resistance (Reis et al 2005), and there is some evidence that vitamin D supplementation in humans may improve insulin sensitivity. Normally sufficient vitamin D is produced after exposure to sunlight, and intuitively, lot-fed cattle in Australia are unlikely to receive no exposure to sunlight.…”

Section: Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential nutritional strategies for the amelioration or prevention of high rigor temperature in cattle – a review

DiGiacomo¹,

Leury²,

Dunshea³

2014

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract. Environmental conditions influence animal production from an animal performance perspective and at the carcass level post-slaughter. High rigor temperature occurs when the animal is hyperthermic pre-slaughter, and this leads to tougher meat. Hyperthermia can result from increased environmental temperature, exercise, stress or a combination of these factors. Consumer satisfaction with beef meat is influenced by the visual and sensory traits of the product when raw and cooked, with beef consumers commonly selecting tenderness of the product as the most important quality trait. High rigor temperature leads to a reduction in carcass and eating quality. This review examines some possible metabolic causes of hyperthermia, with focus on the importance of adipose tissue metabolism and the roles of insulin and leptin. Potential strategies for the amelioration or prevention of high rigor temperature are offered, including the use of dietary supplements such as betaine and chromium, anti-diabetic agents such as thiazolidinediones, vitamin D, and magnesium (Mg) to provide stress relief.

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Vitamin D endocrine system and the genetic susceptibility to diabetes, obesity and vascular disease. A review of evidence

Cited by 106 publications

References 74 publications

Vitamin D status and glucose homeostasis in obese children and adolescents living in the tropics

Vitamin D status and glucose homeostasis in obese children and adolescents living in the tropics

Vitamin D and its Relation with Insulin Resistance in Obese Children

Potential nutritional strategies for the amelioration or prevention of high rigor temperature in cattle – a review

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