Vitamin A deficiency induces motor impairments and striatal cholinergic dysfunction in rats

Role of Aberrant Striatal Dopamine D1Receptor/cAMP/Protein Kinase A/DARPP32 Signaling in the Paradoxical Calming Effect of Amphetamine

“…At such time, tissue samples were homogenized in 0.1 M perchloric acid and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min before filtering through minispin filters for additional 3 min at 10,000 rpm. Samples were analyzed as previously described (Carta et al, 2006) with minor modifications. Briefly, 25 l of each sample were injected by a cooled autosampler (Midas) into an ESA Coulochem III coupled with an electrochemical detector for detection of DA, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), NA, and serotonin (5HT).…”

Diet in Vitamin A Research

“…A staggered gait and locomotor impairment is seen rather late in the course of vitamin A deficiency. Locomotor dysfunction has been attributed to changes in striatal neurons, implicating vitamin A in the maintenance of basal ganglia motor function in the adult rat brain (35). Internally, nearly all of the animal’s visceral fat is depleted and thus the adrenal glands can be easily seen in the remnants of perirenal fat.…”

Vitamin A depletion alters sensitivity of motor behavior to MK-801 in C57BL/6J mice

“…By binding to their nuclear receptors(RARα, β, γ and RXRα, β, γ), retinoids induce or repress gene transcription by interacting with distinct promotor sequences in target genes [3]. Retinoid receptors are widely distributed in the cortex, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and other brain tissues [4].…”

“…Although one previous study [3] reported the role of vitamin A depletion in regulating animal motor abilities, the question of how vitamin A depletion mice respond to glutamate perturbation is still not clear. An understanding of this response would be valuable in explaining the influence of vitamin A depletion on homeostasis maintaining capability and in determining how glutamate/dopamine systems might be involved in vitamin A depletion regulated behavioral abnormalities.…”