Visual exploration and discrimination of emotional facial expressions in 3-, 7- and 12-month-old infants

Dollion, Nicolas; Soussignan, Robert; Durand, Karine; Schaal, Benoı̂st; Baudouin, Jean‐Yves

doi:10.1167/15.12.795

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A recent study [ 30 ] using eye-tracking and dynamic emotional faces with infants aged from 3 to 12 months, showed that younger infants focused their attention on the eyes and the external features of emotional faces. However, the visual attention of older infants (7- and 12-month-olds) depended on the emotion that was displayed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly enough, the results from two different infant studies regarding the face areas looked at in function of the emotion presented provided contradictory results. One study [ 30 ] showed that infants looked longer at the mouth area for happy faces and at the eyes for angry faces. However, the other study [ 33 ] showed that infants look longer at the mouth for the angry faces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are 6-month-old human infants able to transfer emotional information (happy or angry) from voices to faces? An eye-tracking study

Palama¹,

Malsert

Gentaz

2018

PLoS ONE

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The present study examined whether 6-month-old infants could transfer amodal information (i.e. independently of sensory modalities) from emotional voices to emotional faces. Thus, sequences of successive emotional stimuli (voice or face from one sensory modality -auditory- to another sensory modality -visual-), corresponding to a cross-modal transfer, were displayed to 24 infants. Each sequence presented an emotional (angry or happy) or neutral voice, uniquely, followed by the simultaneous presentation of two static emotional faces (angry or happy, congruous or incongruous with the emotional voice). Eye movements in response to the visual stimuli were recorded with an eye-tracker. First, results suggested no difference in infants’ looking time to happy or angry face after listening to the neutral voice or the angry voice. Nevertheless, after listening to the happy voice, infants looked longer at the incongruent angry face (the mouth area in particular) than the congruent happy face. These results revealed that a cross-modal transfer (from auditory to visual modalities) is possible for 6-month-old infants only after the presentation of a happy voice, suggesting that they recognize this emotion amodally.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are 6-month-old human infants able to transfer emotional information (happy or angry) from voices to faces? An eye-tracking study

Palama¹,

Malsert

Gentaz

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…faces could require a holistic processing which could develop gradually during childhood [57,58,61,75,76], or a better Eyes AOI orienting to process corrugator areas. Nevertheless, our results show that, more than an Asian vs. Caucasian people interaction strategy, Kitayama's results with Asian holistic vs. Caucasian analytic processing could reflect how to optimize Asian or Caucasian face processing [61].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have been interested in ocular behavior to faces, and even less with cultural or emotional factors. Eye tracker studies during childhood have shown patterns of preferential fixations according to emotional expression, distributed over internal features such as eyes and mouth [57]. For example, Dollion and collaborators [57] showed that infants looked preferentially at the mouth for happy face processing, whereas they oriented toward the eyes and eyebrow areas for angry and sad faces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eye tracker studies during childhood have shown patterns of preferential fixations according to emotional expression, distributed over internal features such as eyes and mouth [57]. For example, Dollion and collaborators [57] showed that infants looked preferentially at the mouth for happy face processing, whereas they oriented toward the eyes and eyebrow areas for angry and sad faces. Thus, it was suggested that our predisposition for face processing also differs across cultures for the strategy employed to extract visual information from faces [58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional facial perception development in 7, 9 and 11 year-old children: The emergence of a silent eye-tracked emotional other-race effect

2020

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The present study examined emotional facial perception (happy and angry) in 7, 9 and 11year-old children from Caucasian and multicultural environments with an offset task for two ethnic groups of faces (Asian and Caucasian). In this task, participants were required to respond to a dynamic facial expression video when they believed that the first emotion presented had disappeared. Moreover, using an eye-tracker, we evaluated the ocular behavior pattern used to process these different faces. The analyses of reaction times do not show an emotional other-race effect (i.e., a facility in discriminating own-race faces over to otherrace ones) in Caucasian children for Caucasian vs. Asian faces through offset times, but an effect of emotional face appeared in the oldest children. Furthermore, an eye-tracked ocular emotion and race-effect relative to processing strategies is observed and evolves between age 7 and 11. This study strengthens the interest in advancing an eye-tracking study in developmental and emotional processing studies, showing that even a "silent" effect should be detected and shrewdly analyzed through an objective means.

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A study on visual preference for social stimuli in typical Ecuadorian preschoolers as a contribution to the identification of autism risk factors

Buffle

Cavadini

Posada

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The goal of this study was to examine the visual preference towards socially salient stimuli, using a low-cost eye-tracking device in a group of typically developing (TD) Ecuadorian preschoolers aged 11 to 60 months, from rural and urban areas, and from families with low to high socioeconomic status (SES). Series of original stimuli inspired by those used in Western experiments on the early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were proposed in two eye-tracking tasks. Two types of movements (human vs. object) were presented in task 1, and dynamic speaking faces in task 2. Parental perceptions of the adaptability of the low-cost eye-tracking device used here were also investigated through a questionnaire. The analyses of mean fixation times showed a visual preference for human movements compared to moving objects whatever age, residency location or SES. In task 2, visual preference for the mouth’s area compared to the eyes’ area was observed in specific conditions, modulated by residency location and SES but not by age. The analyses of the parental perception indicated that the eye-tracking technique is well accepted. The findings suggest that these stimuli, along with the experimental procedure and low-cost eye-tracking device used in the present study may be a relevant tool that can be used in clinical settings as a contribution to the early identification of at-risk factors of ASD in low- and middle-income contexts.

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Visual exploration and discrimination of emotional facial expressions in 3-, 7- and 12-month-old infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Are 6-month-old human infants able to transfer emotional information (happy or angry) from voices to faces? An eye-tracking study

Are 6-month-old human infants able to transfer emotional information (happy or angry) from voices to faces? An eye-tracking study

Emotional facial perception development in 7, 9 and 11 year-old children: The emergence of a silent eye-tracked emotional other-race effect

A study on visual preference for social stimuli in typical Ecuadorian preschoolers as a contribution to the identification of autism risk factors

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