Virulence Factors of Bordetella Pertussis

Weiss, and A A; Hewlett, Erik L.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.40.100186.003305

Cited by 459 publications

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“…It has been well established that bvg is required for both ptxA and fhaB expression in B. pertussis (40,57). However, fhaB and ptxA have different temporal patterns of expression following a shift from modulating to nonmodulating conditions (44) and distinct requirements for expression in E. coli (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, synthesizes toxins and adhesins which appear to aid the bacterium in colonization and multiplication (15,23,28,38,56,59). Expression of toxins (pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclasehemolysin, and dermonecrotic toxin) and adhesins (filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae, and pertactin) is positively regulated by the products of the bvg operon (11,57,59). In contrast to the multiple loci activated by bvg, vrg genes of B. pertussis (5,6,25), siderophore production in some Bordetella bronchiseptica strains (14), and motility genes of B. bronchiseptica (1-3) are repressed by bvg.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Our results demonstrate Bvg-dependent activation of a ptxA-lacZYA fusion in E. coli and indicate that bvg is the only Bordetella locus required for ptxA activation in this heterologous system. Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, synthesizes toxins and adhesins which appear to aid the bacterium in colonization and multiplication (15,23,28,38,56,59). Expression of toxins (pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclasehemolysin, and dermonecrotic toxin) and adhesins (filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae, and pertactin) is positively regulated by the products of the bvg operon (11,57,59).…”

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BvgAS is sufficient for activation of the Bordetella pertussis ptx locus in Escherichia coli

Uhl

Miller

1995

J Bacteriol

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BvgA and BvgS, which regulate virulence gene expression in Bordetella pertussis, are members of the two-component signal transduction family. The effects of growth conditions on the ability of BvgAS to activate transcription of fhaB (encoding filamentous hemagglutinin) and ptxA (encoding the S1 subunit of pertussis toxin) were assessed in Escherichia coli by using chromosomal fhaB-lacZYA and ptxA-lacZYA fusions. Although it had previously been reported that a ptxA-lacZYA transcriptional fusion was not activated by bvgAS in E. coli (J. F. Miller, C. R. Roy, and S. Falkow, J. Bacteriol. 171:6345-6348, 1989), we now present evidence that ptxA is activated by bvgAS in E. coli in a manner that is highly dependent on the growth conditions. Higher levels of ␤-galactosidase were produced by ptxA-lacZYA in the presence of bvgAS during growth in Stainer-Scholte medium or M9 minimal salts medium with glucose than in Luria-Bertani medium. In contrast, the level of fhaB-lacZYA expression was high during growth in all media. Addition of modulating stimuli which inhibit BvgAS function eliminated expression of ptxA-lacZYA. Levels of ␤-galactosidase expressed from the ptx-lacZYA fusion correlated with growth rate and with the final optical density at 600 nm, suggesting that the lower growth rate in M9-glucose and Stainer-Scholte media was responsible for greater accumulation of ␤-galactosidase than was seen in Luria-Bertani medium. Overproduction of BvgA was not sufficient for activation of ptxA expression but was sufficient for fhaB expression. However, overproduction of a constitutive BvgA allele (bvgA-C1) or overproduction of BvgA in the presence of BvgS was able to activate ptxA. Our results demonstrate Bvg-dependent activation of a ptxA-lacZYA fusion in E. coli and indicate that bvg is the only Bordetella locus required for ptxA activation in this heterologous system. Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, synthesizes toxins and adhesins which appear to aid the bacterium in colonization and multiplication (15,23,28,38,56,59). Expression of toxins (pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclasehemolysin, and dermonecrotic toxin) and adhesins (filamentous hemagglutinin, fimbriae, and pertactin) is positively regulated by the products of the bvg operon (11,57,59). In contrast to the multiple loci activated by bvg, vrg genes of B. pertussis (5,6,25), siderophore production in some Bordetella bronchiseptica strains (14), and motility genes of B. bronchiseptica (1-3) are repressed by bvg.Sequence analysis and in vitro studies have indicated that BvgA and BvgS are members of the two-component family of signal transduction proteins. BvgS is a 135-kDa sensor protein localized to the cytoplasmic membrane, and BvgA is a 23-kDa cytoplasmic response regulator (4, 7, 37, 49, 50-53). The signals sensed by BvgAS in vivo are not known, but BvgAS can be inactivated in vitro by growth at a low temperature or by addition of sulfate anion or nicotinic acid to the culture medium. This reversible inactivation of BvgAS is known as phenot...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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BvgAS is sufficient for activation of the Bordetella pertussis ptx locus in Escherichia coli

Uhl

Miller

1995

J Bacteriol

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“…The fhaB upstream deletions were isolated as EcoRI-BamHI fragments and ligated into the plasmid pRTP1. The resulting plasmids were transformed into E. coli SM10 and then transferred by conjugation into B. pertussis BP536 as previously described (27). Plasmid cointegrates formed by homologous recombination between vector insert and chromosomally encoded faiaB sequences were selected on BG agar containing ampicillin and nalidixic acid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bordetella pertussis regulatory sequences required for transcriptional activation of the fhaB gene and autoregulation of the bvgAS operon

1991

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Transcription of numerous virulence genes in Bordetella pertussis is positively regulated by the products of the bvgAS genes. In this study a series of lacZYA fusions containing deletions in either the fhaB or bvgA promoter regions was used to identify cis-acting regulatory regions required for bvg activation of these two genes. Gel retardation and DNase I protection analyses have shown that specific protein-DNA interactions occur at these regulatory regions and that these interactions require the transcriptional activator protein BvgA. The regulatory regions found upstream of fhaB and bvgA which are involved in protein binding both contain the sequence TTTCCTA. This sequence is part of an inverted repeat upstream of fhaB and a direct repeat upstream of bvgA. Homologous repeats are not apparent upstream of other bvg-activated genes, such as ptx and cyaA. These data suggest that the mechanism for transcriptional regulation of the other bvg-activated genes is complex and may require regulatory factors in addition to the bvgAS gene products.

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“…It is closely related to the aetiologic agent of human whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis, and both organisms share a tropism for ciliated respiratory epithelia. In several Bordetella species virulence genes are co-ordinately regulated by BvgAS in response to environmental signals (Weiss et al, 1983;Arico et al, 1989). BvgS is a transmembrane sensor and BvgA is a transcriptional activator.…”

Section: Don't Move -You're In Vivo!mentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles for motility in bacterial–host interactions

Ottemann

Miller

1997

Molecular Microbiology

285

217

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SummaryThe ability to move in a directed manner may confer distinct advantages upon host-adapted prokaryotes. Potential benefits of motility include increased efficiency of nutrient acquisition, avoidance of toxic substances, the ability to translocate to preferred hosts and access optimal colonization sites within them, and dispersal in the environment during the course of transmission. The costs of motility also may be significant. These include the metabolic burden of synthesizing flagellar components, the energetic expense of fuelling flagellar motors and the presentation of polymeric and highly antigenic targets to the immune system. It is therefore not surprising that synthesis of the motility apparatus is usually subject to strict control. Studies of a variety of bacterial-host interactions demonstrate roles for motility, and its regulation, at points throughout the infectious cycle.

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Virulence Factors of Bordetella Pertussis

Cited by 459 publications

References 0 publications

BvgAS is sufficient for activation of the Bordetella pertussis ptx locus in Escherichia coli

BvgAS is sufficient for activation of the Bordetella pertussis ptx locus in Escherichia coli

Identification of Bordetella pertussis regulatory sequences required for transcriptional activation of the fhaB gene and autoregulation of the bvgAS operon

Roles for motility in bacterial–host interactions

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