Virulence Factors Associated with Pediatric Shigellosis in Brazilian Amazon

Cruz, Carolinie Batista Nobre da; Souza, Maria Carolina Scheffer de; Serra, Paula Taquita; Santos, Ivanildes; Balieiro, Antônio Alcirley da Silva; Pieri, Fábio Alessandro; Nogueira, Paulo Afonso; Orlandi, Patrícia Puccinelli

doi:10.1155/2014/539697

Cited by 47 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Studies have shown that ShET-2 contributes to epithelial inflammation and diarrhea. 9,23 In our study, the sen gene was found in (76.9%) of EIEC strains. Therefore, it can be predicted that sen is the major player to cause the symptoms of electrolyte imbalance and water loss causing dehydration among EIEC strains in our region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

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Distribution of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors and the Genetic Diversity of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran

Sheikh¹,

Savari²,

Ahmadi³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Entero-invasive E. coli (EIEC) is one of the causes of bacillary dysentery in adults and children. The ability of EIEC to invade and colonize the surface of epithelial cells is influenced by many virulence factors. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of virulence factor genes in EIEC strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran, as well as the genetic diversity between these isolates by Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Materials and Methods: A total of 581 diarrheic stool samples were collected from patients with diarrhea attending two hospitals, in Ahvaz, Iran. The E. coli strains were identified by biochemical methods. Subsequently, all E. coli isolates were identified as EIEC by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the ipaH gene. The EIEC isolates evaluated by PCR for the presence of 8 virulence genes (ial, sen, virF, invE, sat, sigA, pic, and sepA). All EIEC strains were genotyped by the MLVA typing method. Results: A total of 13 EIEC isolates were identified. The presence of ial, virF, invE, sen, sigA, pic, and sat genes was confirmed among 92.3%, 84.6%, 84.6%, 76.9%, 69.2%, and 15.3% of EIEC isolates, respectively. On the other hand, none of the isolates were positive for the sepA gene. The EIEC isolates were divided into 11 MLVA types. Conclusion: Our results showed a high distribution of virulence genes among EIEC isolates in our region. This study showed that MLVA is a promising typing technique for epidemiological studies. MLVA can supply data in the form of codes that can be saved in the database and easily shared among laboratories, research institutes, and even hospitals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…PCR was carried out on all EIEC strains to evaluate the prevalence of the ial, virF, invE, sen, sat, sigA, pic, and sepA genes. 8,9 The sequences of primers and annealing temperatures of virulence factor genes are shown in…”

Section: Amplification Of Virulence Factor Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors and the Genetic Diversity of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran

Sheikh¹,

Savari²,

Ahmadi³

et al. 2020

IDR

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“…(6, 26). As expected, the set gene was not found in the EIEC isolates, while the sen gene was observed in 72.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Gene Profile and Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Isolates From Patients With Diarrhea in Kerman, Iran

Hosseini-Nave

Mansouri

Moghadam

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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BackgroundEnteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) isolates cause dysentery in humans. Several virulence factors associated with EIEC pathogenesis have been characterized. Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) is a PCR-based method that has been used for genotyping bacterial pathogens.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of virulence factor genes in EIEC isolates from patients with diarrhea in Kerman, Iran, as well as the genetic relationships between these isolates.Patients and MethodsA total of 620 diarrheic stool samples were collected from patients attending two hospitals in Kerman from June 2013 to August 2014. All isolates were confirmed as EIEC by PCR for the ipaH gene. The EIEC isolates were evaluated by PCR for the presence of nine virulence genes (ial, set1A, sen, virF, invE, sat, sigA, pic, and sepA). MLVA was performed for all EIEC isolates.ResultsA total of 11 EIEC isolates were identified, and all were positive for the ial gene. The invE and virF genes were observed in 81.8% of the isolates, while sen, sigA, and pic were detected in 72.7%, 63.6%, and 27.3% of the isolates, respectively. None of the isolates were positive for the sat, set, and sepA genes. Using MLVA, the 11 total isolates were divided into five types.ConclusionsBy studying the profiles of virulence genes and MLVA, it can be concluded that EIEC isolates do not have high heterogeneity and are derived from a limited number of clones.

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“…In agreement with previous studies, our study showed that set1A and set1B were only detected in the S. flexneri 2a strain. The plasmid encoding ShET-2 (encoded by sen) is known to be an enterotoxin hemolysin that elicits an inflammatory response during Shigella invasion [12,30]. As reported, both sen and set enterotoxins…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

Zhu

Cao

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 54 S. flexneri isolates were collected from diarrhea, and their biochemical characteristics were determined according to API20E and virulence factors via PCR. The molecular characteristics of the isolates were studied by MLST, MLVA and PFGE.Results: Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, and set1B were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15% and 48.15%, respectively. None of the studied strains possessed the stx gene. Regarding the differences in virulence factor distributions, the 54 S. flexneri isolates fell into seven gene profile types. Among these VTs, VT4 and VT6 were the most common, accounting for 74.07% of all VTs. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs, with 1 ST (ST227) being novel.Conclusion: Our findings provide baseline information on the distribution of virulence genes in and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which is a potential threat to public safety. These data will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.

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Virulence Factors Associated with Pediatric Shigellosis in Brazilian Amazon

Cited by 47 publications

References 36 publications

<p>Distribution of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors and the Genetic Diversity of Enteroinvasive <em>Escherichia coli</em> (EIEC) Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran</p>

<p>Distribution of Genes Encoding Virulence Factors and the Genetic Diversity of Enteroinvasive <em>Escherichia coli</em> (EIEC) Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran</p>

Virulence Gene Profile and Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Isolates From Patients With Diarrhea in Kerman, Iran

Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea

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