Virtual testing of advanced composites, cellular materials and biomaterials: A review

Abstract

Please cite this article as: Okereke, M.I., Akpoyomare, A.I., Bingley, M.S., Virtual testing of advanced composites, cellular materials and biomaterials: a review, Composites: Part B (2014), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/ j.compositesb.2014.01.007 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThis paper documents the emergence of virtual testing frameworks for prediction of the constitutive responses of engineering materials. A detailed study is presented, of the philosophy underpinning virtual testing schemes: highlighting the structure, challenges and opportunities posed by a virtual testing strategy compared with traditional laboratory experiments. The virtual testing process has been discussed from atomistic to macrostructural lengthscales of analyses. Several implementations of virtual testing frameworks for diverse categories of materials are also presented, with particular emphasis on composites, cellular materials and biomaterials (collectively described as heterogeneous systems, in this context). The robustness of virtual frameworks for prediction of the constitutive behaviour of these materials is discussed. The paper also considers the current thinking on developing virtual laboratories in relation to availability of computational resources as well as the development of multi-scale material model algorithms. In conclusion, the paper highlights the challenges facing developments of future virtual testing frameworks. This review represents a comprehensive documentation of the state of knowledge on virtual testing from microscale to macroscale length scales for heterogeneous materials across constitutive responses from elastic to damage regimes.

Predictions of elastic property on 2.5D C/SiC composites based on numerical modeling and semi-analytical method

“…Hallal et al [6] reviewed analytical model for the elastic properties of 2D and 3D textile composites, and indicated that the homogenization method considering real stress/strain field had a good prediction of elastic properties of interlock woven fabrics composite [7]. Okereke et al [8] reviewed the virtual testing of advanced composites, which indicated that the numerical method is a robust method to predict the mechanical behavior of composite when the heterogeneity of constitutes is well modeled. Chang et al [9] established an analytical model to predict elastic constants of 3D woven C/SiC composite based on classical laminate theory and curved beam model.…”

Numerical reconstruction of graphite/epoxy composite microstructure based on sub-micron resolution X-ray computed tomography

“…from X-ray CT) and numerical simulations across various length scales and material systems. For several examples applied to composites, cellular materials, and biomaterials, the reader is referred to a review article by Okereke et al [7]. The reader is also referred to a review article by Withers and Preuss [19] regarding the use of X-ray tomography to characterize fatigue and damage in various types of structural materials.…”

“…This knowledge can eventually be incorporated into a multiscale ''physical and virtual testing'' framework [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], which will (1) enable discovery of new stochastic-and physics-based damage models, (2) reduce reliance on pure empiricism in design and certification of FRP structures [1,3], (3) enable development of revolutionary structural-life prognosis tools like the Airframe Digital Twin [8], and (4) enable accelerated discovery of new ultra-resilient multifunctional composites.…”

Dynamic response of functionally graded cellular materials based on the Voronoi model

“…Considerable experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to investigate the dynamic behavior of cellular materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The deformation, crushing stress and energy absorption as well as the cell geometric topology of the uniform cellular materials have been studied systematically.…”