Virtual Engineering Object / Virtual Engineering Process: A specialized form of Cyber Physical System for Industrie 4.0

Shafiq, Syed Imran; Sanín, Cesar; Szczerbicki, Edward; Toro, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.166

Cited by 141 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…• The cloud technologies enhance cyber security but amplify IoT cyber risk (Ribeiro, Barata and Ferreira, 2010;Wahlster et al, 2013;Shafiq et al, 2015;Thramboulidis, 2015;Giordano, Spezzano and Vinci, 2016).…”

Section: Iot Cyber Risk Vectors From the Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Section 6 we evaluate the design principles by conducting theoretical If the Cloud architecture is properly engineered, the security of the cloud instance is adequately maintained and the connectivity from cloud to Thing can be assured, then cyber risks can be reduced with cloud technologies (Ribeiro, Barata and Ferreira, 2010) (Thramboulidis, 2015) (Giordano, Spezzano and Vinci, 2016) (Shafiq et al, 2015) (Wahlster et al, 2013). To ensure cyber risk is reduced, cloud technologies should be supported with: internet-based system, service platforms (La and Kim, 2010;Dillon et al, 2011;Wahlster et al, 2013;Wan, Cai and Zhou, 2015;Weyer et al, 2015), processes, services (Stock and Seliger, 2016;Hussain, 2017) (Brettel et al, 2016;Hermann, Pentek and Otto, 2016;Wang et al, 2016), for machine decision making (Evans and Annunziata, 2012; Wang, 2013) (Wahlster et al, 2013;Shafiq et al, 2015). Creating cyber service architecture (La and Kim, 2010;Wang, Törngren and Onori, 2015;Weyer et al, 2015) and cloud distributed manufacturing planning (Wang, 2013;Wan, Cai and Zhou, 2015) (Faller and Feldmüller, 2015;Posada et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future developments in standardisation of cyber risk in the Internet of Things (IoT)

et al. 2020

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In this research article, we explore the use of a design process for adapting existing cyber risk assessment standards to allow the calculation of economic impact from IoT cyber risk. The paper presents a new model that includes a design process with new risk assessment vectors, specific for IoT cyber risk. To design new risk assessment vectors for IoT, the study applied a range of methodologies, including literature review, empirical study and comparative study, followed by theoretical analysis and grounded theory. An epistemological framework emerges from applying the constructivist grounded theory methodology to draw on knowledge from existing cyber risk frameworks, models and methodologies. This framework presents the current gaps in cyber risk standards and policies, and defines the design principles of future cyber risk impact assessment. The core contribution of the article therefore, being the presentation of a new model for impact assessment of IoT cyber risk. Keywords: Cyber risk; Internet of Things cyber risk; Internet of Things risk vectors;Standardisation of cyber risk assessment; Economic impact assessment. University of OxfordUniversity of Oxford 3 analysis to uncover the best method to define a unified cyber risk assessment. In section 7 we propose a new epistemological framework for cyber risk assessment standardisation and we discuss the new impact assessment principles. In Section 8 we present the conclusions and limitations of the research. METHODOLOGYThe methods applied in this study consist of literature review, comparative study, empirical analysis, theoretical and epistemological analysis and case study workshops. The selection of methodologies is based on their flexibility to be applied simultaneously to analyse the same research topic from different perspectives. We use practical studies of major projects in the I4.0 to showcase recent developments of IoT systems in the context of I4.0 high-tech strategies. We need practical studies to bridge the gaps, to assess the impact and overcome some of the cyber risk limitations and to construct the relationship between IoT and high-tech strategies. The proposed design principles support the process of building a holistic IoT cyber risk impact assessment model. Theoretical analysisThe methodology applies theoretical analysis through logical discourse of knowledge, also known as epistemological analysis. An epistemological analysis enables an investigation on how existing knowledge is justified and what makes justified beliefs justified (Steup, 2005), what does it mean to say that we understand something (Wenning, 2009) and how do we understand that we understand.The methodology reported here has two objectives. The first objective is to enable an up-todate overview of existing and emerging cyber risk vectors from IoT advancements, which includes cyber-physical systems, the industrial Internet of things, cloud computing and cognitive computing (MEICA, 2015;Weyer et al., 2015;Liao et al., 2017). If we were performing a vector specific analysis of r...

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Section: Iot Cyber Risk Vectors From the Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future developments in standardisation of cyber risk in the Internet of Things (IoT)

et al. 2020

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“…Estas tecnologias podem contribuir de diversas formas a melhoria do desempenho do processo de manufatura . A aplicação das tecnologias da Indústria 4.0 permitem a transformação do gerenciamento das operações de manufatura, resultando em sua descentralização (SHAFIQ et al, 2015), uma maior integração vertical (ALMADA-LOBO, 2016) e horizontal (BRETTEL et al, 2014, HERMANN et al, 2016) da empresa, além do monitoramento remoto dos processos (ALMADA-LOBO, 2016).…”

Section: Tecnologias Indústria 40unclassified

“…Apesar do objetivo comum, a literatura não apresenta um consenso para a sua definição (SHAFIQ et al, 2015;LU, 2017). WEYER et al (2015) propõe o conceito de Indústria 4.0 como dispositivos, máquinas, módulos de produção e produtos organizados em um sistema Físico-Cibernético com capacidade de trocar informações de forma autônoma e realizar autocontrole de suas operações (WEYER et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Esta nova cadeia de valor viabiliza o desenvolvimento de novos modelos de negócios; com diferentes formas para a organização do trabalho (KAGERMANN et al, 2013). Estas possibilidades de arranjo das diferentes alternativas das tecnologias da Indústria 4.0 podem resultar em diversos benefícios, tais como: melhorias na redução do tempo de processamento dos produtos (QIN et al, 2016), melhorias de qualidade , eficiência dos processos (LASI; KAMPER, 2014), redução do custo de processos (QIN et al, 2016;STOCK;SELIGER, 2016), flexibilidade de processos (BRETTEL et al, 2014), melhor atendimentos dos requisitos dos clientes (STOCK; SELIGER, 2016), personalização dos produtos (BRETTEL et al, 2014;SHAFIQ et al, 2015) entre outros.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Indústria 4.0: Tecnologias E Nível De Maturidade De Suas Aplicações

Almeida¹,

Cavalcante²,

Fettermann³

2017

Blucher Design Proceedings

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RESUMOA utilização de tecnologias integradoras na manufatura direcionou a indústria para um novo paradigma de produção, em que existem menores interferências humanas e o sistema é inteligente e interconectado, a Indústria 4.0. Este sistema possui foco na produção inteligente de produtos, métodos e processos. Tecnologias como RFID, sensores, processamento na nuvem, impressões 3D fazem parte dos muitos componentes que podem ser encontrados em um sistema orientado pela Indústria 4.0. Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar as tecnologias e o nível de maturidade das aplicações da Indústria 4.0 nas empresas. A partir de um levantamento de 38 casos de sucesso resultantes de implementações tecnológicas associadas à Indústria 4.0 serão identificadas as tecnologias mais utilizadas e o atual nível de desenvolvimento destas tecnologias na prática das empresas. Os resultados indicam um nível inicial de desenvolvimento destas tecnologias nas empresas, indicando um potencial de aumento de produtividade com a aplicação destas tecnologias no setor produtivo.Palavras chave: smart industry; Internet of Things; tecnologias; níveis de maturidade

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