Violencia verbal en el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Abstract

Existe una creciente alarma social acerca de la violencia verbal por parte de los adolescentes en los centros educativos. El objetivo de estudio es conocer la percepción que tiene el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria sobre la violencia verbal dirigida a compañeros y profesorado, identificando factores personales y escolares intervinientes. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa con la aplicación del cuestionario de violencia escolar percibida (CUVE-R-ESO) a 4467 alumnos de ESO (M=13.81; DT=1.38). Los resultados evidencian mayor presencia de violencia verbal entre compañeros (hablar mal unos de otros, extender rumores negativos sobre compañeros, poner motes o insultar) que violencia verbal hacia el profesorado (falta de respeto, insultos). El análisis inferencial muestra una prevalencia en la violencia verbal del género femenino de mayor edad, matriculado en cursos superiores de ESO y que ha repetido algún curso. Además, la violencia verbal entre compañeros es superior en centros rurales concertados, mientras que la violencia verbal hacia el profesorado es mayor en centros urbanos de carácter público, no existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la estructura familiar. En conclusión la violencia verbal en los centros educativos es una conducta prevalente que no es percibida como un problema alarmante por parte del alumnado.

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