Vigilancia de la presencia de triatominos mediante gallineros en el sur de Jalisco, México

Abstract

Introducción. En México, la enfermedad de Chagas es un problema de salud pública. Se han registrado, al menos, 30 especies de triatominos vectores, la mayoría con hábitos domésticos y tendencia a invadir las viviendas humanas. Objetivo. Evaluar la utilidad de gallineros en la vigilancia de la presencia de triatominos peridomésticos y conocer su situación en el área de estudio. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de campo, experimental, longitudinal, por un año. Se instalaron 50 gallineros en 50 viviendas de tres localidades del municipio de Teocuitatlán de Corona, en el estado de Jalisco, México. Se inspeccionaron los gallineros y las viviendas para saber si aquéllos podían detectar la presencia de triatominos, para estimar la situación vectorial en el área. Resultados. Se recolectaron significativamente (p<0,05) más especímenes de Meccus longipennis (93%) que de Triatoma barberi (7%). Aproximadamente, un tercio (31,3%) de los especímenes de M. longipennis y ninguno de T. barberi se recolectó en los gallineros. M. longipennis tuvo un porcentaje de infección por Trypanosoma cruzi de 25,7%, y T. barberi, de 53,2%. Los meses de primavera y verano fueron en los que se recolectaron más ejemplares de triatominos. Conclusiones. Los gallineros se consideran una herramienta útil para detectar la presencia de ejemplares de M. longipennis, aunque no funcionaron para T. barberi. Se confirma la importancia de M. longipennis y se establece el posible rol primario de T. barberi como vector en el área de estudio.Palabras clave: enfermedad de Chagas, Triatominae, vectores de enfermedades, vigilancia, aves de corral, México.Monitoring triatomid bug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) presence by sentinel chicken coops in Southern Jalisco State, México Introduction. Chagas disease is an important public health problem in Mexico. At least 30 Triatominae species, vectors of that disease have been recorded, most with domiciliary habits and tendency to invade human dwellings. Objective. The usefulness of using chicken coops was evaluated for monitoring peridomestic triatomine presence, identity and infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Materials and methods. A year-long, longitudinal field study was designed. Fifty chicken coops were placed in 50 human dwellings on three localities in Teocuitatlán de Corona County, Jalisco State, Mexico. The coops and human dwellings were routinely inspected to determine if the coops alone can monitor for the presence of triatomines. Results. Significantly (p<0.05) more Meccus longipennis specimens (93.0%) than of Triatoma barberi (7.0%) were collected. Almost a third (31.3%) of M. longipennis and none of T. barberi specimens were collected in the coops. Meccus longipennis was found with infections of Trypanosoma cruzi of 25.7%, and T. barberi of 53.2%. Most triatomines were collected in spring and summer months. Conclusions. Chicken coops proved useful tools to detect presence of M. longipennis; however, they were not effective for T. barberi. The importance of M. longipennis as a potential vector was confir...

Distribution and infection of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by Trypanosoma cruzi in the state of Michoacán, Mexico

“…This species was not found in the eastern area of Tuzantla, although previous studies have reported its presence here (Zárate & Zárate 1985). T. barberi was found to be very scarce throughout the entire study area, which is consistent with previous reports from the western neighbouring state of Jalisco (Martínez-Ibarra et al 2008a, 2010a. More than 70% (n = 26) of the T. barberi specimens were infected by T. cruzi.…”

“…longipennis was the most common species (79.7%, n = 128) in La Palma. This prevalence is similar to that previously reported for the Ciénega region (55.4%) (Gómez-Hernández 2008) and to other areas in Jalisco (Martínez-Ibarra et al 2010a). Almost 60% of specimens were infected with T. cruzi, which is also similar to those previously studied in the Ciénega area (71.05%) (Gómez-Hernández et al 2008) and in the neighbouring region of Jalisco (52%) (Breniere et al 2010).…”

“…More than 70% (n = 26) of the T. barberi specimens were infected by T. cruzi. This value is similar to infection rates found throughout the Ciénega region (87.8%) and from a neighbouring area of Jalisco (53.2%) (Martínez-Ibarra et al 2010a).…”

Biological parameters of the triatomine, Meccus phyllosomus pallidipennis, fed on two bloodmeal sources under laboratory conditions

“…To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the feeding and defecation behaviours of M. phyllosomus pallidipennis fed on hens; and even when a single population is studied, it is important to generate knowledge about feeding and defecation behaviours to contribute to establishing the epidemiologic importance of the species (or subspecies, in this case). This is relevant because it has been reported that triatomines frequently invade human dwellings from peridomestic chicken roosts (Martínez‐Ibarra et al ., ). Our study also aimed at comprehensively reporting the aforementioned behaviours of M. phyllosomus pallidipennis fed on rabbits, as very limited information was previously reported by Martínez‐Ibarra & Novelo‐López ().…”

Conocimientos y factores de riesgo relacionados con la enfermedad de Chagas en dos comunidades panameñas donde Rhodnius pallescens es el vector principal

“…Estos vertebrados son resistentes a la infección con T. cruzi, pero los chinches triatominos pueden alimentarse con su sangre y de este modo se atraen los insectos infectados hacia el peridomicilio y el domicilio (23). Otros autores han sugerido que las aves pueden servir como centinelas de la infestación con triatominos de otras especies (24); los chinches serían atraídos inicialmente a los gallineros en lugar de hacia el domicilio. Conforme con el enfoque ecosistémico, se ha contemplado aplicar este tipo de vigilancia vectorial en el área.…”