Viburnum opulus L. Juice Phenolic Compounds Influence Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Osteosarcoma Saos-2 Cells

Abstract

Bone mass loss occurs with a decrease in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, or the enhancement of bone resorption, which further leads to the impairment of bone mineral density and increase in bone fracture. Recent studies suggest that some phenolic compounds found in food play positive role in bone metabolism. High content of phenolic compounds with potential beneficial effects on bone metabolism have been identified in the Viburnum opulus fruit. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of V. opulus fresh juice (FJ) and juice purified by solid phase extraction (PJ) on osteogenesis processes with osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell lines. V. opulus purified juice revealed stronger potential as an inducer of Saos-2 osteogenic differentiation. Saos-2 cells matrix mineralization was evaluated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurement and alizarin red S staining. Gene expression analysis showed the elevation of the mRNA levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ALP, collagen type 1 and osteonectin, whereas the nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin ratio (RANKL/OPG) decreased. Furthermore, V. opulus was able to diminish the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines Il6 and TNFα, however had no effect on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It decreased intracellular oxidative stress and induced DNA repair, but had no effect on the growth inhibition of lactic acid beneficial microorganisms.

Phenolics-Rich Extracts of Dietary Plants as Regulators of Fructose Uptake in Caco-2 Cells via GLUT5 Involvement

“…This effect results from the efficient removal of non-phenolic compounds, such as organic acids, proteins, or unbounded sugars. More potent activity of the isolated phenolic compounds is in accordance with previously published data [37,[41][42][43][44]. Still, our studies confirmed that M. chamomilla phenolic compounds potentially decreased the NBDF uptake by downregulation of GLUT5 level [22,33].…”

Assessment and Imaging of Intracellular Magnesium in SaOS-2 Osteosarcoma Cells and Its Role in Proliferation

“…Magnesium is also important for bone health. Interestingly, SaOS-2 cells display osteoblastic features similar to primary human osteoblastic cells and are often used as a model of osteogenic differentiation [ 20 , 46 ]. A recent review showed how optimal magnesium and vitamin D balance may improve bone metabolism and health outcomes [ 18 ].…”

The Effect of Simulated In Vitro Digestion on Biological Activity of Viburnum opulus Fruit Juices

“…Increased levels of both factors, IL-6 and TNF-α, have been diagnosed in people with obesity and osteopenia [ 62 ]. The reduction of the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α by V. opulus juice was observed in Saos-2 cells, therefore showing that the juice may be important not only for the metabolism of bone tissue but also may delay its demineralization resulting from obesity [ 63 ]. Despite the observed positive, or at least neutral, effects of the digestion process on V. opulus fruit juice’s biological activity, there was one negative aspect determined.…”