Vibrogen‐2 vaccine trial in lumpfish (<i>Cyclopterus lumpus</i>) against <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i>

Chakraborty, Setu; Cao, Trung; Hossain, Ahmed; Gnanagobal, Hajarooba; Vásquez, Ignacio; Boyce, Danny; Santander, Javier

doi:10.1111/jfd.13010

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…It has been described that Myxobolus albi, a metazoan parasite, infects the scleral cartilage and causes mild to severe exophthalmos in lumpfish (25). In addition, Vibrio anguillarum, a Gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of vibriosis, is a frequent pathogen of lumpfish and causes exophthalmos (26). The rationale of our study was to explore any intraocular immune response in wild lumpfish harboring scleral cysts and cultured lumpfish infected with V. anguillarum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD10+ Cells and IgM in Pathogen Response in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Eye Tissues

et al. 2020

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Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus), a North Atlantic “cleaner“ fish, is utilized to biocontrol salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farms. Lumpfish require excellent vision to scan for and eat louse on salmon skin. The lumpfish eye immune response to infectious diseases has not been explored. We examined the ocular response to a natural parasite infection in wild lumpfish and to an experimental bacterial infection in cultured lumpfish. Cysts associated with natural myxozoan infection in the ocular scleral cartilage of wild adult lumpfish harbored cells expressing cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Experimental Vibrio anguillarum infection, which led to exophthalmos and disorganization of the retinal tissues was associated with disruption of normal CD10 expression, CD10+ cellular infiltration and IgM expression. We further describe the lumpfish CD10 orthologue and characterize the lumpfish scleral skeleton in the context of myxozoan scleral cysts. We propose that lumpfish develop an intraocular response to pathogens, exemplified herein by myxozoan and V. anguillarum infection involving novel CD10+ cells and IgM+ cells to contain and mitigate damage to eye structures. This work is the first demonstration of CD10 and IgM expressing cells in a novel ocular immune system component in response to disease in a teleost.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD10+ Cells and IgM in Pathogen Response in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Eye Tissues

et al. 2020

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“…The challenge assays were conducted at the CDRF AQ3 biocontainment facility under the Institutional Animal Care Committee approved protocol (18-02-JS) and established protocols [ 28 ]. First, after transfer to the AQ3 biocontainment facility, lumpfish were acclimated for 1 week under optimal conditions prior to the commencement of the challenge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V. anguillarum is a Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium and a ubiquitous marine pathogen of invertebrates and vertebrates [ 25 , 26 ]. Formalin-killed V. anguillarum (bacterins) serotypes O1 and O2 mixed with adjuvants are often used to formulate vaccines for different fish species, including Atlantic salmon, Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) [ 27 ], gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ), and lumpfish [ 28 ]. Intraperitoneal (i.p.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Immunization of Larvae and Juvenile of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) against Vibrio anguillarum Does Not Influence Systemic Immunity

et al. 2021

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Vibrio anguillarum, a marine bacterial pathogen that causes vibriosis, is a recurrent pathogen of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus). Lumpfish is utilized as a cleaner fish in the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture in the North Atlantic region because of its ability to visualize and prey on the ectoparasite sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) on the skin of Atlantic salmon, and its performance in cold environments. Lumpfish immunity is critical for optimal performance and sea lice removal. Oral vaccine delivery at a young age is the desired method for fish immunization because is easy to use, reduces fish stress during immunization, and can be applied on a large scale while the fish are at a young age. However, the efficacy of orally delivered inactivated vaccines is controversial. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a V. anguillarum bacterin orally delivered to cultured lumpfish and contrasted it to an intraperitoneal (i.p.) boost delivery. We bio-encapsulated V. anguillarum bacterin in Artemia salina live-feed and orally immunized lumpfish larvae. Vaccine intake and immune response were evaluated by microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis, respectively. qPCR analyses showed that the oral immunization of lumpfish larvae resulted in a subtle stimulation of canonical immune transcripts such as il8b, il10, igha, ighmc, ighb, ccl19, ccl20, cd8a, cd74, ifng, and lgp2. Nine months after oral immunization, one group was orally boosted, and a second group was both orally and i.p. boosted. Two months after boost immunization, lumpfish were challenged with V. anguillarum (7.8 × 105 CFU dose−1). Orally boosted fish showed a relative percentage of survival (RPS) of 2%. In contrast, the oral and i.p. boosted group showed a RPS of 75.5% (p < 0.0001). V. anguillarum bacterin that had been orally delivered was not effective in lumpfish, which is in contrast to the i.p. delivered bacterin that protected the lumpfish against vibriosis. This suggests that orally administered V. anguillarum bacterin did not reach the deep lymphoid tissues, either in the larvae or juvenile fish, therefore oral immunization was not effective. Oral vaccines that are capable of crossing the epithelium and reach deep lymphoid tissues are required to confer an effective protection to lumpfish against V. anguillarum

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“…One of this is Vibrogen-2 (Elanco). This vaccine containing inactivated V. anguillarum O1 and O2, plus V. ordalii did not induce protection against V. anguillarum (Chakraborty et al, 2019). In another study, lumpfish were immunised using an oil-in-water emulsion of two isolates of A. salmonicida (Alpha marine micro 3, Pharmaq), where the bacteria originally were isolated from Atlantic cod.…”

Section: Commercial and Experimental Vaccines For Cleaner Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ordalii did not induce protection against V . anguillarum (Chakraborty et al, 2019). In another study, lumpfish were immunised using an oil‐in‐water emulsion of two isolates of A .…”

Section: Commercial and Experimental Vaccines For Cleaner Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cleaner fish in aquaculture: review on diseases and vaccination

Erkinharju

Dalmo

Hansen

et al. 2020

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Combating and controlling sea lice causes large economic costs for the farmers, with estimated values of more than 305 million euros (€) per year. Increased resistance against traditional chemotherapeutants due to evolutionary drivers in the sea lice combined with the lack of an effective vaccine and few other chemical treatments available are expected to cause these costs to increase. Several possible methods for managing sea lice infestations have been investigated, but only cleaner fish has proven to have an effect on lice levels. Cleaning activity is well known in marine fish and has been observed in the wild as a form of symbiosis between two species: one species, the 'client' fish, seek out the other species, the 'cleaner' fish, to have ectoparasites and dead tissue cleared from its body. The Atlantic lumpfish is a relatively new aquaculture species, and wild-caught mature fish are used as brood stock for farmed production. This poses a biosecurity risk, as wild fish can carry pathogens, and the use of quarantine and health screening is recommended. Vaccine development is unfortunately lagging far behind relatively to the wide spread and high utilisation of the fish. This review contains description of the main pathogens and diseases that affect cleaner fish.

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Vibrogen‐2 vaccine trial in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) against Vibrio anguillarum

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

CD10+ Cells and IgM in Pathogen Response in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Eye Tissues

CD10+ Cells and IgM in Pathogen Response in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Eye Tissues

Oral Immunization of Larvae and Juvenile of Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) against Vibrio anguillarum Does Not Influence Systemic Immunity

Cleaner fish in aquaculture: review on diseases and vaccination

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