“…Deep learning algorithms can be divided into supervised and unsupervised learning. Recently, the supervised deep learning algorithms have been applied to structural surface crack detection and damage classification, especially the convolutional neural networks (CNN) (Bang, Park, Kim, & Kim, 2019;Cha, Choi, & Büyüköztürk, 2017;Li, Zhao, & Zhou, 2019;Lin et al, 2017;Pathirage et al, 2018;Y. Zhang, Miyamori, Mikami, & Saito, 2019).…”