“…Dogs were the most common type of animal identified as victims of abuse in Williams and colleagues' study, followed by cats, rabbits, horses, small mammals, exotic animals and birds. 3 Bruising and fractures were the predominant injury patterns observed in these cases, which is consistent with previous research on abuse cases. 5 However, it should be noted that the reported injury patterns may be affected by injury survivability and hence whether the animal is likely to be presented to a veterinary practice.…”