Verticillium wilts in crop plants: Pathogen invasion and host defence responses

Abstract

Verticillium wilt is caused mainly by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. and is a constraint for growers of many economic crops and ornamental plant species. Disease control necessitates the use of multiple methods usually coordinated within a disease management strategy. Unlike foliar diseases, much information is lacking for knowledge-based strategies to be developed for managing root infection. Revealing the mechanisms of interaction between the pathogen and its hosts would be a first step towards achieving such a goal. More effort needs to be directed towards understanding how the pathogen infects and colonize its hosts, and how plants respond Downloaded by [Laurentian University] at 07:02 25 November 2014 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t F. Daayf. Verticillium wilt in crop plants 2 to these invaders. This review describes several of the efforts to elucidate the interactions of V. dahliae with its hosts, and raises some of the key points that need to be addressed in future work on this important disease. Résumé : La flétrissure verticillienne est principalement causée par Verticillium dahliae Kleb. et constitue une entrave à la production de nombreuses plantes agricoles et ornementales de grande importance économique. La lutte contre cette flétrissure nécessite l'utilisation de diverses méthodes habituellement coordonnées dans le cadre d'une stratégie de gestion de la maladie. À la différence des maladies foliaires, l'information permettant de développer des stratégies fondées sur la connaissance visant à maîtriser l'infection racinaire fait défaut. La mise au jour des mécanismes qui gèrent les interactions entre l'agent pathogène et ses hôtes serait un premier pas dans la bonne direction. En conséquence, des efforts supplémentaires doivent être consentis à la compréhension de l'infection et de la colonisation des plantes hôtes par l'agent pathogène ainsi que de la réaction de ces plantes à leurs envahisseurs. Cette revue décrit plusieurs des efforts déployés pour expliquer les interactions entre V. dahliae et ses plantes hôtes, et souligne certains points essentiels qui doivent être pris en considération au cours des travaux futurs effectués sur cette maladie très importante.

Tolerance of olive (Olea europaea) cv Frantoio to Verticillium dahliae relies on both basal and pathogen‐induced differential transcriptomic responses

“…stands out as one of the most serious diseases affecting this woody crop. This hemibiotrophic, vascular pathogen can infect hundreds of plant species, including high‐value annual and perennial crops (Pegg & Brady, ; Klosterman et al ., ; Daayf, ). Besides its broad host range, the pathogen's ability to produce quiescent structures (microsclerotia) able to endure in soil for many years and the systemic nature of the infection make V. dahliae very difficult to control (Pegg & Brady, ).…”

Comparative expression of genes controlling cell wall-degrading enzymes in Verticillium dahliae isolates from olive, potato and sunflower

“…The results also emphasize the variability of CWDE activities among V. dahliae isolates according to their pathogenicity levels and hosts of origin. However, CWDEs represent only part of the infection arsenal of Verticillium species, which produce different types of pathogenicity factors [59]. Durability of cultivar resistance to diseases is widely related to the evolutionary potential of the pathogen.…”

Verticillium dahliae’s Isochorismatase Hydrolase Is a Virulence Factor That Contributes to Interference With Potato’s Salicylate and Jasmonate Defense Signaling

“…The survival ability of microsclerotia and the wide host range of V. dahliae make management strategies for this wilt costly and inefficient, i.e., traditional cultural practices such as crop rotation do not provide useful solutions. Fungicides are ineffective since the infection and colonization occur in the plant’s roots and vascular system before they move upward to the aerial plant parts (Daayf, 2015). Breeding of resistant lines would be paramount but has not been successful.…”