Vertical Drop Test of a Transport Fuselage Section

Kumakura, Ikuo; Minegishi, Masakatsu; Iwasaki, Katsurô; Hirano, Shoji; Yoshimoto, Norio; Terada, Hiroyuki; Sashikuma, Hirofumi; Isoe, Akira; Yamaoka, Toshihiro; Katayama, Noriaki; Hayashi, Toru; Akaso, Tetsuya

doi:10.4271/2002-01-2997

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Modern civil aircraft are designed for crashworthiness with the fuselage structure's crash behaviour typically being evaluated in vertical drop tests on solid ground, as illustrated in Fig. 1 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Such a drop test scenario shall represent the maximum decelerations at the passenger seats, which are defined in the Federal Aviation Regulations §25.562, in order to obtain a survivable crash landing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of a Composite Crash Absorber in Aircraft Fuselage Vertical Struts

Heimbs¹,

Strobl²,

Middendorf³

2011

Int. J. Vehicle Structures and Systems

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A crash absorber element integrated in composite vertical (z-) struts of commercial aircraft fuselage structures was developed, which absorbs energy under crash loads by cutting the composite strut into stripes and crushing the material under bending. The design concept of this absorber element is described and the performance is evaluated experimentally in static, crash and fatigue test series on component and structural level under normal and oblique impact conditions. These tests highlight the robustness of the absorber design as this system worked under various conditions and angles with an impressively high reproducibility. The physics of the energy absorption by high rate material fragmentation are explained and numerical modelling methods in explicit finite element codes for the simulation of the crash absorber are assessed. The real physical fragmentation phenomena can just be approximated in simulations, emphasising that the numerical prediction of composite energy absorption for industrial use cases is still a big challenge.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of a Composite Crash Absorber in Aircraft Fuselage Vertical Struts

Heimbs¹,

Strobl²,

Middendorf³

2011

Int. J. Vehicle Structures and Systems

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“…Numerous researches have already been conducted in this subject. For example, analyzes were performed to determine the energy absorbed by the fuselage structure dropped vertically (Kumakura et al, 2002;Adams et al, 2010;Xue et al, 2014). However, for light aircraft crashes, most of the impact energy is absorbed by the engine mount, firewall, landing gear, and cabin structure, and with most passenger casualties resulting from the compression of cabin space.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Analysis on the Crashworthiness of Light Aircrafts

Chen

2015

International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering

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To protect passengers, large aircraft are equipped with multiple mechanisms to absorb impact energy during a crash. However, light aircraft rely only on the cabin structure to withstand the compression and energy generated during a crash. This study performed a topology optimization analysis on the model structure by using Abaqus/optimization and used strain energy as the objective function and cabin volume as a constraint to develop the optimal model. Subsequently, this work performed dynamic crash simulations based on the optimal and original models by using Abaqus/explicit. Compared with the original model, the optimal model yielded a 12% increase in the safety zone of the diagonal beams, a 13% increase in the X-direction safety zone, and a 10% increase in the overall safety zone. The results confirm that topology optimization can be used to effectively improve the crashworthiness of light aircraft.

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“…However, AGATE used a 4-seat small aircraft with maximum take-off weight of 1,542 kg for the drop test article. Crashworthiness studies in recent years have focused mostly on commercial aircraft fuselage drop tests [13] or 4-9 seat agricultural [14] or business aircrafts [15]. However, few studies have mentioned the crashworthiness of light sport aircraft, a category defined by the FAA as airplanes with maximum take-off weight of less than 600 kg.…”

Section: Related Requirements and Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crashworthiness Simulation Analysis of Light Sport Aircraft Fuselage Structure

Chen

Chang

Hsieh

et al. 2011

AMR

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In recent years, light sport aircraft, which not only serve the purpose of personal recreation but also act as a means of transportation for medium and short distance travel, have rapidly gained popularity in the general aviation industry worldwide. The FAA established regulations for this new category of airplanes in 2004. However, the crashworthiness requirements for this type of airplane have not been clearly specified. This study used the finite element method to investigate the effect of the impact angle and speed of the LSA fuselage structure on passenger safety during a crash event. We used sink speed defined by NASA AGATE, ASTM and FAR as parameters. The passenger compartment reducing rate defined by MIL-STD-1290A was used for a safety boundary condition. The results show that the maximum cockpit reducing rate of the airplane impact angle is 30o. When the impact angle increases, owing to the engine mount and fire wall’s reinforced structure, this type of airplane can sustain a greater vertical drop speed. When the impact angle is about 80°~90°, the maximum impact speed the fuselage that can be sustained is 33 m/s. This work also completed a simulation of safe and unsafe ranges for light sport aircraft at various impact angles and vertical drop speeds during impact.

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Vertical Drop Test of a Transport Fuselage Section

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Integration of a Composite Crash Absorber in Aircraft Fuselage Vertical Struts

Integration of a Composite Crash Absorber in Aircraft Fuselage Vertical Struts

Optimization Analysis on the Crashworthiness of Light Aircrafts

Crashworthiness Simulation Analysis of Light Sport Aircraft Fuselage Structure

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