Versão reduzida da escala de atitudes frente ao álcool, alcoolismo e ao alcoolista: resultados preliminares

Abstract

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os itens da Escala de Atitudes frente ao Álcool, ao Alcoolismo e ao Alcoolista, a fim de elaborar uma versão reduzida, mantendo as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento. Em sua versão preliminar, a escala foi constituída por 165 itens, sendo aplicada a uma amostra de 144 estudantes de enfermagem. O processo de avaliação dos itens deu-se pela análise da correlação do item total e a confiabilidade do instrumento foi estimada pelo coeficiente alfa de Crombach. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a permanência de 83 itens, divididos em cinco fatores que apresentaram valores satisfatórios nos diferentes coeficientes de consistência interna. Concluiu-se que o resultado do estudo abre perspectivas para novas pesquisas, com a necessidade de ampliação da amostra com vistas a dar continuidade ao processo de validação da Escala de Atitudes frente ao Álcool, ao Alcoolismo e ao Alcoolista entre profissionais da saúde.

Construct validation of the scale of attitudes toward alcohol, alcoholism and individuals with alcohol use disorders

“…A model consisting of four factors was the best solution for the final version of the scale. This model, made up of 83 items, was subjected to a refining process in which 21 items from the preliminary version of the instrument were excluded 10 165 ). These items were excluded because they had a factor loading < 0.4 at the end of the EFA.…”

“…After completing the refining process, the reliability coefficient, measured by Cronbach's alpha, was determined when each of the remaining items was excluded one at a time. This resulted in the exclusion of two items (I 18, I 23 ) 10 that were associated with a decrease in Cronbach's alpha. At the end of this process, 33 items had been excluded.…”

“…The preliminary version 10 consists of 83 items divided into five factors: Factor 1 -The individual with an alcohol use disorder: work and interpersonal relationships; Factor 2 -Etiology; Factor 3 -Disease; Factor 4 -The repercussions of using/abusing alcohol; Factor 5 -Alcoholic beverages. Studies of this scale have demonstrated satisfactory reliability indices 9,10 .…”

“…Its construction process and validation, along with the description of the construct it is designed to assess, can be found in previous publications 9,10 . The EAFAAA was designed to encompass the primary types of attitudes (moral, disease, etiological, professional and human aspects) toward alcohol-related issues, and the studies of its psychometric properties have suggested good reliability indices, with variation between 0.86 10 and 0.90 9 .…”

“…An instrument with fewer items that is able to retain the same psychometric qualities is desirable. Moreover, the current studies that have tested the psychometric properties of the EAFAAA are characterized as preliminary 9,10 , and the results are limited to the instrument's application in student populations. Thus, it is necessary to ascertain whether the scale is also valid for use in other populations.…”