Ventilation, pulmonary and cutaneous gas exchange in the awake lizard Lacerta viridis

Oxygen Consumption in the Lizard Genus Lacerta in Relation to Diel Variation, Maximum Activity and Body Weight

“…They also rejected Krehl & Soetbeer's (1899) 30 °C data but retained the 37 °C data. Recently, Jammes & Grimaud (1976) reported a resting V Oi of 0-145 ml h" 1 g" 1 , 10% of which was due to cutaneous oxygen exchange, for restrained L. viridis (31-8 g) at 20 °C which again is considerably above the 0-046 ml h" 1 g" 1 predicted for the same size lizard at 20 °C by Bennett & Dawson (1976).…”

“…It has only recently been appreciated that reptilian scales do allow both gas exchange and water loss (e.g. Heatwole & Seymour, 1975;Jammes & Grimaud, 1976). There is considerable species variability but, to some Table 3.…”

“…extent, the more aquatic the reptile, the greater is its proportion of cutaneous gas exchange. In resting L. viridis (Jammes & Grimaud, 1976), cutaneous respiration accounts for 16% of the X^C Ot and 10% V o The only data during activity is for sea snakes in which cutaneous proportions for V CQt and V Ol did not alter from those at rest (Heatwole & Seymour, 1975) and therefore with no further evidence available, it has to be assumed that active Lacerta consume 10% more 0 2 and produce 16% more C0 2 than is measured with the mask. Thus max J^, t might be 2-93 instead of 2-66 m h -1 for a 1 g Lacerta whilst the respiratory exchange ratio might be 1-53 instead of 1-45…”

Oxygen Consumption in the Lizard Genus Lacerta in Relation to Diel Variation, Maximum Activity and Body Weight

“…They also rejected Krehl & Soetbeer's (1899) 30 °C data but retained the 37 °C data. Recently, Jammes & Grimaud (1976) reported a resting V Oi of 0-145 ml h" 1 g" 1 , 10% of which was due to cutaneous oxygen exchange, for restrained L. viridis (31-8 g) at 20 °C which again is considerably above the 0-046 ml h" 1 g" 1 predicted for the same size lizard at 20 °C by Bennett & Dawson (1976).…”

“…It has only recently been appreciated that reptilian scales do allow both gas exchange and water loss (e.g. Heatwole & Seymour, 1975;Jammes & Grimaud, 1976). There is considerable species variability but, to some Table 3.…”

“…extent, the more aquatic the reptile, the greater is its proportion of cutaneous gas exchange. In resting L. viridis (Jammes & Grimaud, 1976), cutaneous respiration accounts for 16% of the X^C Ot and 10% V o The only data during activity is for sea snakes in which cutaneous proportions for V CQt and V Ol did not alter from those at rest (Heatwole & Seymour, 1975) and therefore with no further evidence available, it has to be assumed that active Lacerta consume 10% more 0 2 and produce 16% more C0 2 than is measured with the mask. Thus max J^, t might be 2-93 instead of 2-66 m h -1 for a 1 g Lacerta whilst the respiratory exchange ratio might be 1-53 instead of 1-45…”

Control of Breathing in Ectothermic Vertebrates

“…The entirely terrestrial tortoise Testudo sp. (31, 65, 166, 180) and the snakes and lizards Drymarchon corais, Gerrhonotus infernalis, Crotaphytus, Lacerta viridis, Varanus gouldii, Sauromalus hispidus, Morelia spilotes , and Natrix rhombifera (33, 130, 195, 287, 431, 501) breathe more frequently; single lung ventilations alternate with much shorter periods of breath holding. In several species of varanid lizard, which are active predators with high levels of aerobic metabolism, the breathing pattern is close to being rhythmic and continuous, even in quiet resting animals (25, 32, 551, 553).…”

Oxygen Consumption in the Lizard Genus Lacerta in Relation to Diel Variation, Maximum Activity and Body Weight

“…They also rejected Krehl & Soetbeer's (1899) 30 °C data but retained the 37 °C data. Recently, Jammes & Grimaud (1976) reported a resting V Oi of 0-145 ml h" 1 g" 1 , 10% of which was due to cutaneous oxygen exchange, for restrained L. viridis (31-8 g) at 20 °C which again is considerably above the 0-046 ml h" 1 g" 1 predicted for the same size lizard at 20 °C by Bennett & Dawson (1976).…”

“…It has only recently been appreciated that reptilian scales do allow both gas exchange and water loss (e.g. Heatwole & Seymour, 1975;Jammes & Grimaud, 1976). There is considerable species variability but, to some Table 3.…”

“…extent, the more aquatic the reptile, the greater is its proportion of cutaneous gas exchange. In resting L. viridis (Jammes & Grimaud, 1976), cutaneous respiration accounts for 16% of the X^C Ot and 10% V o The only data during activity is for sea snakes in which cutaneous proportions for V CQt and V Ol did not alter from those at rest (Heatwole & Seymour, 1975) and therefore with no further evidence available, it has to be assumed that active Lacerta consume 10% more 0 2 and produce 16% more C0 2 than is measured with the mask. Thus max J^, t might be 2-93 instead of 2-66 m h -1 for a 1 g Lacerta whilst the respiratory exchange ratio might be 1-53 instead of 1-45…”

Control of Breathing in Ectothermic Vertebrates

“…The entirely terrestrial tortoise Testudo sp. (31, 65, 166, 180) and the snakes and lizards Drymarchon corais, Gerrhonotus infernalis, Crotaphytus, Lacerta viridis, Varanus gouldii, Sauromalus hispidus, Morelia spilotes , and Natrix rhombifera (33, 130, 195, 287, 431, 501) breathe more frequently; single lung ventilations alternate with much shorter periods of breath holding. In several species of varanid lizard, which are active predators with high levels of aerobic metabolism, the breathing pattern is close to being rhythmic and continuous, even in quiet resting animals (25, 32, 551, 553).…”

Oxygen Consumption in the Lizard Genus Lacerta in Relation to Diel Variation, Maximum Activity and Body Weight

“…They also rejected Krehl & Soetbeer's (1899) 30 °C data but retained the 37 °C data. Recently, Jammes & Grimaud (1976) reported a resting V Oi of 0-145 ml h" 1 g" 1 , 10% of which was due to cutaneous oxygen exchange, for restrained L. viridis (31-8 g) at 20 °C which again is considerably above the 0-046 ml h" 1 g" 1 predicted for the same size lizard at 20 °C by Bennett & Dawson (1976).…”

“…It has only recently been appreciated that reptilian scales do allow both gas exchange and water loss (e.g. Heatwole & Seymour, 1975;Jammes & Grimaud, 1976). There is considerable species variability but, to some Table 3.…”

“…extent, the more aquatic the reptile, the greater is its proportion of cutaneous gas exchange. In resting L. viridis (Jammes & Grimaud, 1976), cutaneous respiration accounts for 16% of the X^C Ot and 10% V o The only data during activity is for sea snakes in which cutaneous proportions for V CQt and V Ol did not alter from those at rest (Heatwole & Seymour, 1975) and therefore with no further evidence available, it has to be assumed that active Lacerta consume 10% more 0 2 and produce 16% more C0 2 than is measured with the mask. Thus max J^, t might be 2-93 instead of 2-66 m h -1 for a 1 g Lacerta whilst the respiratory exchange ratio might be 1-53 instead of 1-45…”

Control of Breathing in Ectothermic Vertebrates

“…The entirely terrestrial tortoise Testudo sp. (31, 65, 166, 180) and the snakes and lizards Drymarchon corais, Gerrhonotus infernalis, Crotaphytus, Lacerta viridis, Varanus gouldii, Sauromalus hispidus, Morelia spilotes , and Natrix rhombifera (33, 130, 195, 287, 431, 501) breathe more frequently; single lung ventilations alternate with much shorter periods of breath holding. In several species of varanid lizard, which are active predators with high levels of aerobic metabolism, the breathing pattern is close to being rhythmic and continuous, even in quiet resting animals (25, 32, 551, 553).…”