Varieties of Populism in a Changing Global Context: The Divergent Paths of Erdogan and Kirchnerismo

Aytaç, S. Erdem; Önіş, Zіya

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2261178

Cited by 25 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…There is a burgeoning academic literature and journalistic assessment on Justice and Development Party's long rein and the growing power of its leader, Mr Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, that build on various conceptualisations of populism. Some of these analyses focus on unpacking the discursive components of the party's agenda and Erdoğan's central role (Akyol , Dinçşahin , Erdoğan and Öney , Müller , Selçuk ), while others explore the party's economic and social policies in an attempt to explain its enduring social appeal (Aytaç and Öniş , Bozkurt , Dorlach , Yıldırım ). For instance, Bozkurt () explains the Justice and Development Party's peculiar combination of economic and social security reforms using Barr's conception of ‘neopopulism’, which highlights the role of a leader ‘to build personalistic ties to the impoverished masses while pursuing neoliberal economic policies’ (2003: 1161).…”

Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alongside the Anatolian middle class that benefited from the economic boom under the party's rule, the low‐income disadvantaged groups constituted Justice and Development Party's imagined ‘real people’ or ‘silent majority’ as opposed to Kemalist, secular elites and ethnic and religious minorities (Aytaç and Öniş , Müller ). Sowing these divisions within the healthcare system, political leaders often pitted the representative institutions of healthcare professionals and some of the unions, which criticised certain aspects of the reforms, against ‘the people’.…”

Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While he was serving as the Prime Minister and party leader, Mr Erdoğan made it clear that his sympathies lied with those struggling silent majorities rather than public sector workers, who were represented by unions, but nevertheless complained about poor working conditions or eroding job security (Özden : 167). Also when appropriate, he did not shy away from employing the discourse of victimhood with regards to the ‘real people’ often posing himself as one of the outsiders who suffered under the old Kemalist oligarchy, for instance, when he had to get in line in the dawn to see a doctor in the now‐dismantled social security hospitals (Aytaç and Öniş ).…”

Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New public management, physicians and populism: Turkey's experience with health reforms

Agartan

Kuhlmann

2019

Sociology Health & Illness

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Recent debates on the rise of right‐wing or neoliberal populism globally have prompted public health and health systems researchers to explore its implications in the healthcare systems. This case study of Turkey's recent health reform initiative, the Health Transformation Program, aims to contribute to this debate by examining the nexus among populism, professionalism and the contemporary market and managerial reforms, often described as New Public Management (NPM). Building on document analysis and secondary sources, this article introduces a framework to explore whether and how populist agendas grow up in the shadow of NPM policies. We aim to deepen our understanding of the governance settings that might be used in different ways by right‐wing populist leaders to advance their agendas. Our research reveals that the NPM reforms in Turkey have opened a ‘backdoor’ through which right‐wing populist agendas were supported and the position of the medical profession as an important stakeholder in the institutional settings was weakened. However, what mattered most in the reform process was not the policies themselves but the ways new managerialist policies were implemented. Our analysis makes blind spots of the NPM reforms and healthcare governance research visible and calls for greater attention to implementation processes.

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Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Study: Populist Discourse In the Shadow Of Npm Reformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New public management, physicians and populism: Turkey's experience with health reforms

Agartan

Kuhlmann

2019

Sociology Health & Illness

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“…2 In such cases incumbents provided stability after years of economic crisis and political fragmentation but also eroded institutional checks and balances and created an uneven playing field against the opposition. 3 Despite coming to power through free and fair elections, such executive takeovers restructured the political arena to prevent their rivals from defeating them at the polls. These democratic reversals took scholars by surprise as many thought economic liberalization would strengthen political freedoms and civil liberties by curtailing incumbents' capacity to engage in clientelism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a Competitive Authoritarian Regime: State–Business Relations in the AKP’s Turkey

Esen

Gümüşçü

2017

Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies

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The most recent global wave of democratic reversal is marked by executive takeovers. Politically motivated interventions in domestic markets aimed at restructuring the underlying power dynamics in society have been part and parcel of these takeovers. This article investigates the new political economy behind the AKP's competitive authoritarian rule in Turkey as an example of this larger trend. The article argues that the AKP government has built a loyal business class through an elaborate system of rewards and punishment since 2002. With the aim of consolidating its business constituency, the AKP politicized state institutions (debt collection, tax authorities, privatization, public procurement) and eroded the rule of law to distribute rents and resources to its supporters, transfer capital from its opponents to its supporters, and to discipline dissidents in business circles. These mechanisms allowed the party to skew the political playing field in its favour through its access to private resources as well as its disproportionate access to the media-built by pro-AKP businessmen-and thus underpinned the AKP's competitive authoritarian regime.

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“…In the context of "neoliberal populism" (Yıldırım, 2013), scholars have studied the discursive and performative dimensions of Turkey's right-wing populism (Türk, 2014;Yeşil, forthcoming;Yetkin, 2010) along with parallels and divergences between Argentina's Kirchnerism and Turkey's Erdoganism (Aytaç & Onis, 2014). Even though there are new aspects of populism in the neoliberal era, there are also ongoing religious and nationalist motifs that inform contemporary populism in Turkey, and we believe that the nationalist, emotional, and religious elements of what Açıkel (1996) called "sacred subalternity" strongly inform trolls' performances.…”

Section: Trolls' Populist Performances: Projects the Will Of The Peomentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliographie

Pérouse¹,

Gilles²,

Pinto³

et al.

Ambiguités Turques

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This article analyzes political trolling in Turkey through the lens of mediated populism.Twitter trolling in Turkey has diverged from its original uses (i.e., poking fun, flaming, etc.) toward government-led polarization and right-wing populism. Failing to develop an effective strategy to mobilize online masses, Turkey's ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP/AKP) relied on the polarizing performances of a large progovernment troll army. Trolls deploy three features of JDP's populism: serving the people, fetish of the will of the people, and demonization. Whereas trolls traditionally target and mock institutions, Turkey's political trolls act on behalf of the establishment. They produce a digital culture of lynching and censorship. Trolls' language also impacts pro-JDP journalists who act like trolls and attack journalists, academics, and artists critical of the government. Keywords: trolls, mediated populism, Turkey, political polarization, TwitterTurkish media has undergone a transformation during the uninterrupted tenure of the ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP) since 2002. Not supported by the mainstream media when it first came to power, JDP created its own media army and transformed the mainstream media's ideological composition. What has, however, destabilized the entire media environment was the Gezi Park protests of summer 2013.1 Activists' use of social media not only facilitated political organizing, but also turned the news environment upside down. Having recognized that the mainstream media was not trustworthy, oppositional groups migrated to social media for organizing and producing content. 1 Gezi refers to the nationwide antigovernment protests that spanned the period between June and September 2013, which were sparked by a municipal decision to replace a small park in central Istanbul with a shopping mall (Yörük, 2014). Ergin Bulut and Erdem YörükInternational Journal of Communication 11 (2017) Since the Gezi protests, researchers have examined various dimensions of social media:alternative journalism (Ataman & Çoban, 2015), satirical linguistic production (Yeşilyurt, 2016), statesocial media corporation negotiations (Bulut, 2016), and political organizing (Baruh & Watson, 2016 Coskuntuncel (2016, pp. 12-13) argued that the Turkish government's censorship policies should be understood within the framework of privatization of governance, in which government censorship itself is outsourced to private intermediaries. Drawing on linguistic anthropology, Koçer (2015) examined the performances of the elite in constructing social media as a criminal realm using a divisive discourse.Despite the insights, this literature overlooks how trolls in social media-specifically Twitter-are strategic tools for the state to energize citizens. Examining Twitter trolls' language within the context of populism enables us to understand power networks and discourses through which trolls not only disrupt political conversations, but also consolidate government's power by networking scattered masses. addi...

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Varieties of Populism in a Changing Global Context: The Divergent Paths of Erdogan and Kirchnerismo

Cited by 25 publications

References 49 publications

New public management, physicians and populism: Turkey's experience with health reforms

New public management, physicians and populism: Turkey's experience with health reforms

Building a Competitive Authoritarian Regime: State–Business Relations in the AKP’s Turkey

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