Variation in the barriers to compassion across healthcare training and disciplines: A cross-sectional study of doctors, nurses, and medical students

Dev, Vinayak; Fernando, Antônio; Kirby, James N.; Consedine, Nathan S.

doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.09.015

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Given the trend toward lower compassion fatigue and lower barriers to compassion with age and the substantial covariation between age and clinical experience (Dev et al, 2019), the possibility that healthcare professionals of different ages might differentially report different strategies was examined. For these analyses, respondents were split into three groups based on the sample characteristics (i.e., 20-43 years, 44-54 years, and 55-77 years).…”

Section: Possible Developmental Variation In Strategy Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, given evidence that compassion fatigue is reliably lower in older/more experienced healthcare professionals (Dev et al, 2019) while compassion satisfaction is greater (Gleichgerrcht and Decety, 2014), a final, exploratory aim of this study was to examine whether the types and proportions of compassion-maintaining strategies reported varied as a function of age. Identifying age-related variation has the potential to identify the strategies that accumulated experience suggests are effective in maintaining compassion over time and thus provide targets for medical education as well as compassion-enhancing interventions.…”

Section: Exploring Possible Developmental Variation In Normative Stramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers in this area have developed the Transactional Model of Compassion (Fernando and Consedine, 2014a), which views compassion as a dynamic process influenced by factors from four key areas: the physician, patient and family, clinical context, and environmental and institutional factors. Evidence gathered within this framework suggests that barriers vary in predictable ways across healthcare disciplines and lower with more experience (Dev et al, 2019). Again, however, while this work has deepened our understanding of what interferes with compassion in health contexts, it focused on barriers and is readily supplemented by studies of the processes used to enhance compassion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Do Health Professionals Maintain Compassion Over Time? Insights From a Study of Compassion in Health

et al. 2020

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Although compassion in healthcare differs in important ways from compassion in everyday life, it provides a key, applied microcosm in which the science of compassion can be applied. Compassion is among the most important virtues in medicine, expected from medical professionals and anticipated by patients. Yet, despite evidence of its centrality to effective clinical care, research has focused on compassion fatigue or barriers to compassion and neglected to study the fact that most healthcare professionals maintain compassion for their patients. In contributing to this understudied area, the present report provides an exploratory investigation into how healthcare professionals report trying to maintain compassion. In the study, 151 professionals were asked questions about how they maintained compassion for their patients. Text responses were coded, with a complex mixture of internal vs. external, self vs. patient, and immediate vs. general strategies being reported. Exploratory analyses revealed reliable individual differences in the tendency to report strategies of particular types but no consistent age-related differences between older and younger practitioners emerged. Overall, these data suggest that while a range of compassion-maintaining strategies were reported, strategies were typically concentrated in particular areas and most professionals seek to maintain care using internal strategies. A preliminary typology of compassion maintaining strategies is proposed, study limitations and future directions are discussed, and implications for the study of how compassion is maintained are considered.

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Section: Possible Developmental Variation In Strategy Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exploring Possible Developmental Variation In Normative Stramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Do Health Professionals Maintain Compassion Over Time? Insights From a Study of Compassion in Health

et al. 2020

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“…However, while an increasing volume of evidence has incriminated the stress associated with an excessive study load as the prime causative factor for the loss of IM, other identifiable factors also exist. In the early phases of the program, students have reported experiencing greater stress due to a perceived lack of support from educators (Dev et al, 2019), regret in choosing health care as a career (Rodriguez Zivic et al, 2013;Yan et al, 2017;Rotenstein et al, 2016), competitiveness among students (Schubert, 2016;Jackson et al, 2019), poor peer relations (West et al, 2016;McLuckie et al, 2018), and previous history of recreational drug use (Elmore et al, 2016;Yang and Shanks, 2018). The most common reasons identified by students in the later part of the program include extended work hours (Skodova and Lajciakova, 2013;Yan et al, 2017;McLuckie et al, 2018), erratic clinical rotations (Rodriguez Zivic et al, 2013;Kreitzer and Klatt, 2017), acuity of clinical cases encountered during training (Voltmer et al, 2013;Elmore et al, 2016), and even exposure to cynical colleagues (Skodova et al, 2017).…”

Section: Challenges Of Present-day Health Care Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulating Intrinsic Motivation in Millennial Students: A New Generation, a New Approach

Chaudhuri

2019

Anatomical Sciences Ed

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There has been a fundamental change in health care pedagogy to address the demands and challenges posed by the present generation of millennial students. There is also a growing recognition of the role of intrinsic motivation as a catalyst in a positive learning experience. The term intrinsic motivation refers to energizing behavior that comes from within an individual and develops due to an inherent interest in the activity at hand. However, stimulating intrinsic motivation in the present generation of millennial health care students is a daunting task, considering their diverse and disparate nature. In addition, the inherent generational differences between educators and students, and an increasing emphasis on technological tools have resulted in a dichotomy in the educational environment leading to the development of a greater incidence of burnouts among students. Hence, numerous innovative techniques have been introduced in health care education to enhance the levels of intrinsic motivation in these students. Unfortunately, most of these approaches have only been moderately successful due to their limited ability to address the unique educational expectations of millennial students. The cumulative evidence suggests that specific approaches to stimulate intrinsic motivation should aim at nurturing the learning efforts of students, bridging the generational barriers between educators and students, and ameliorating the stress associated with health care education. Hence, the specific aim of this narrative review is to suggest empirically proven curricular strategies and institutional reforms to enhance intrinsic motivation in health care students belonging to the Millennial Generation.

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“…Empathy, perhaps, has a longer history of consideration in the psychotherapy and nursing literature, with compassion more recently investigated for its importance to the nurse–consumer relationship (Dev et al 2019; McCaffrey & McConnell 2015). While the importance of empathy and compassion in nursing care is largely not contested, nursing scholars have highlighted the lack of clarity in the use of such terms (Gerace 2020; Schantz 2007; Sinclair et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the relationship between sleep and empathy and compassion in mental health nurses: It’s time

Gerace

Rigney

2020

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Sleep plays a critical role in overall health, well-being, and daytime functioning. Provision of 24-hour care means that nurses undertake shift work and therefore have been found to commonly not get the recommended amount of sleep, resulting in sleep deprivation. Research to date has focused on how sleep deprivation impacts their cognitive performance (e.g., reaction time, memory consolidation); however, less considered is how nurses' sleep impacts on their ability to understand and provide emotional care to consumers. In this paper, we examine how sleep may influence nurses' ability to empathize and provide compassionate care, both of which are fundamental aspects of their work. We begin by considering the unique challenges nurses face as shift workers and the impact of sleep on physical and psychological functioning. We examine how empathy and compassion drive nurses' attempts to understand consumers' perspectives and experiences and motivate them to want to help those in their care. Work directly investigating the relationship between sleep and these processes indicates emotional recognition and experience are hampered by poor sleep, with greater compassion towards oneself or from others associated with better sleep. Much of this work has, however, been conducted outside of the nursing or health professional space. We discuss issues that need to be addressed in order to move understanding forward regarding how sleep impacts on mental health nurses' empathy and compassion, as well as how an understanding of the sleep-empathy/compassion link should be an important priority for nurse education and well-being.

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Variation in the barriers to compassion across healthcare training and disciplines: A cross-sectional study of doctors, nurses, and medical students

Cited by 28 publications

References 52 publications

How Do Health Professionals Maintain Compassion Over Time? Insights From a Study of Compassion in Health

How Do Health Professionals Maintain Compassion Over Time? Insights From a Study of Compassion in Health

Stimulating Intrinsic Motivation in Millennial Students: A New Generation, a New Approach

Considering the relationship between sleep and empathy and compassion in mental health nurses: It’s time

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