Variability in the clinical distributions of Candida species and the emergence of azole-resistant non-Candida albicans species in public hospitals in the Midwest region of Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Incidence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. from two teaching public hospitals are described. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations of fl uconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B were determined using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute broth microdilution and genomic differentiation using PCR. Results: Of 221 Candida isolates, 50.2% were obtained from intensive care unit patients; 71.5% were recovered from urine and 9.1% from bloodstream samples. Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto was the most common candidemia agent. Conclusions: We observed variations in Candida species distribution in hospitals in the same geographic region and documented the emergence of non-C. albicans species resistant to azoles.

Molecular Detection of Medically Important Candida species from Droppings of Pigeons (Columbiformes) and Captive Birds (Passeriformes and Psittaciformes)

“…In the Midwest region of Brazil, it was confirmed the incidence of 35.3% of C. albicans and 64.7% NAC, besides to indicate the emergence of non-C. albicans species azole-resistant [48], while in Alagoas more than 3,000 isolates of Candida spp. have been observed in different clinical samples for 8 years; then, it is clear that yeasts of the genus Candida continue to be the most involved in superficial and systemic mycoses [30,47].…”

Distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species isolated from clinical samples in southern Brazil

“…A study performed to Midwestern of Brazil also demonstrated an increase in the percentage of isolates resistant to azole: 57.6% of the Candida spp. samples showed decreased susceptibility (Mattos et al, 2017). A previous study suggested that long-term treatment with fluconazole might induce mutations that lead to drug resistance and, consequently, treatment failure (Peron et al, 2016).…”

Screening of 20 Pantanal Wetland Plants for Anti-Candida Activity using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and Bioautography to Characterize Active Compounds

“…One of the most widely used antifungals in medical practice is fluconazole. However, Candida krusei is intrinsically resistant to this antifungal, and the resistance to this azole has also been reported in other Candida species [2,3]. More recently, the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris in hospitals has caused panic worldwide [3,4].…”

“…In general, critically ill patients, such as those with an immature immune system or immune senescence, are at high risk of developing invasive Candida infection [2,3,5]. Five Candida species cause over 80 % of candidemia cases: C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei [ 2,6,7].…”

“…Dermatophytes and yeasts of the genus Candida are the primary cause of superficial fungal infections and still among the most prevalent skin, hair, and nail disorders. Candida species are also responsible for mucous-membrane infections, affecting several organs and tissues [1,2]. Recent decades have seen a substantial increase in systemic and bloodstream infections associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in immunocompromised patients and those undergoing invasive procedures [3,4].…”