Valorization of Biomass: Deriving More Value from Waste

Tuck, Christopher; Pérez, Eduardo; Horváth, István T.; Sheldon, Roger A.; Poliakoff, Martyn

doi:10.1126/science.1218930

Cited by 1,874 publications

(1,301 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Lactic acid production was achieved at approximately 17.5 g L -1 . The pre-treatment step is enhancing the rate of conversion of pre-processed vinasse to lactic acid and the utilization rate of cellulose and hemi-cellulose can reach values around 23.8 and 71 %, respectively [105].…”

Section: Utilisation Of Vinasse As Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Winery Waste as Feedstock for Bioconversions: Applying the Biorefinery Concept

Zacharof

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

138

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Grape wine is among the most important alcoholic beverages in the globe, with a continuously rising world demand, currently sizing at 25 billion litres. Such a large and heavily industrialised market calls for the maintenance of a steady production of raw materials to end products. Consequently, intensive cultivation of land, harvesting of the goods and manufacturing for the production of commercially available products are being implemented. Wine making is a timed, multistage process producing a large amount of organic and inorganic waste. It has been calculated that during cultivation and harvesting about 5 tonnes of solid waste are generated per hectare per year, while the winery wastewater varies according to the production size from 650,000 m 3 (Greece) to over 18,000,000 m 3 (Spain) per year. Conventional treatments of winery waste are becoming increasingly expensive, demanding significant amounts of effort, resources and energy for safe waste discharge. Therefore, the need to recycle, reuse and recover energy and valuable chemicals from winery waste and wastewater becomes apparent. Valorisation of winery waste is possible when introducing the concept of biorefinery, i.e. the use of winery waste as bioconversions feedstock in order to produce platform chemicals, biofuels, heat and energy.

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Section: Utilisation Of Vinasse As Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Winery Waste as Feedstock for Bioconversions: Applying the Biorefinery Concept

Zacharof

2016

Waste Biomass Valor

138

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“…Decomposition of biomass is an essential role of soil communities that enables cycling of carbon and other nutrients sequestered in biomass, making those nutrients available for primary productivity (Moorhead and Sinsabaugh, 2006). Enzymes involved in decomposition are additionally important for the conversion of biomass to commercial products, such as fuels, aromatic compounds and animal feed (Tuck et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest harvesting reduces the soil metagenomic potential for biomass decomposition

et al. 2015

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Soil is the key resource that must be managed to ensure sustainable forest productivity. Soil microbial communities mediate numerous essential ecosystem functions, and recent studies show that forest harvesting alters soil community composition. From a long-term soil productivity study site in a temperate coniferous forest in British Columbia, 21 forest soil shotgun metagenomes were generated, totaling 187 Gb. A method to analyze unassembled metagenome reads from the complex community was optimized and validated. The subsequent metagenome analysis revealed that, 12 years after forest harvesting, there were 16% and 8% reductions in relative abundances of biomass decomposition genes in the organic and mineral soil layers, respectively. Organic and mineral soil layers differed markedly in genetic potential for biomass degradation, with the organic layer having greater potential and being more strongly affected by harvesting. Gene families were disproportionately affected, and we identified 41 gene families consistently affected by harvesting, including families involved in lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin degradation. The results strongly suggest that harvesting profoundly altered below-ground cycling of carbon and other nutrients at this site, with potentially important consequences for forest regeneration. Thus, it is important to determine whether these changes foreshadow long-term changes in forest productivity or resilience and whether these changes are broadly characteristic of harvested forests.

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“…Proton and carbon NMR spectra were obtained using a Varian Unity Inova 400 MHz NMR spectrometer or a Varian Unity Inova 500 MHz NMR spectrometer. 1 HNMR spectra were obtained at room temperature (rt) with samples dissolved in DMSOd6. 13 CNMR spectra were obtained at rt either as neat samples or as samples dissolved in DSMO-d6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of sustainability, there is a growing interest in developing chemical methodology for utilizing non-food biomass, mostly lignocellulose, as a carbon neutral, renewable feedstock for production of organic chemicals and liquid fuels [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic dehydrogenation of 1,2- and 1,3-diols

Weber

Ford

2016

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical

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Abstract:Described are studies of the dehydrogenation of 1,2-and 1,3-diols in homogenous solutions catalyzed by {[2,5-diphenyl-3,4-ditoluyl-(η 5 -C4CO)]2H}Ru2(CO)4(μ-H) (otherwise known as the Casey/Shvo catalyst). Both in the presence and absence of a dihydrogen acceptor, these reactions led to the analogous α-hydroxyketone as the only organic product. Isotopic labeling studies indicate that this product arises from reversible dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reactions, resulting in formation of the thermodynamically favored α-hydroxyketone. When this catalytic dehydrogenation was carried out in the presence of the rhodium decarbonylation catalyst Rh(dppp)2Cl (dppp = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane), modest amounts of carbon monoxide result, suggesting that the dehydrogenation does generate at least some aldehydes that are intercepted by this catalyst. However, the efficiency of the latter reaction is poor.

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Valorization of Biomass: Deriving More Value from Waste

Cited by 1,874 publications

References 45 publications

Grape Winery Waste as Feedstock for Bioconversions: Applying the Biorefinery Concept

Grape Winery Waste as Feedstock for Bioconversions: Applying the Biorefinery Concept

Forest harvesting reduces the soil metagenomic potential for biomass decomposition

Catalytic dehydrogenation of 1,2- and 1,3-diols

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