Validity and Reliability of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Skinfold Thickness in Predicting Body Fat in Military Personnel

Aandstad, Anders; Holtberget, Kristian; Hageberg, Rune; Holme, Ingar; Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-12-00545

Cited by 89 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, De Lorenzo et al [16], reported BIA underestimated true %BF by 2.6 %BF; however, their criterion measure was DXA and not the BOD POD ® , and they evaluated whole-body BIA. Conversely, other studies using part or whole-body BIA have not observed signi icant differences with %BF measures taken from the DXA [9,13,22] or the BOD POD ® [23]. The type of BIA (i.e., lower body versus upper body) is an unlikely source of variance for comparing validity between studies because lower-body and upper-body BIA are highly correlated with each other [9] as well as with whole-body measures of impedance [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Single frequency BIA has very high reliability [13]; however, research on the validity of BIA is equivocal with some reporting strong validity, [13,15] and others raising questions about its validity [6,16,17]. We have observed anecdotally that %BF estimates derived using hand-held BIA are in luenced systematically by elbow position (i.e., lexed versus fully extended).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Various devices are available to measure body impedance, and many population-speci ic prediction equations have been published [11,12]. The BIA measures have been shown to have higher reliability compared to 6-and 7-site skin fold estimates of %BF [13]. In addition, strong measurement agreement between BIA estimates and %BF obtained using DXA measures have been observed for a general Caucasian sample [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of elbow angle on the reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis

SR¹

2017

J Sports Med Ther

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SummaryHand-to-hand bioelectrical impedance (HH BIA) is a low-cost method to estimate percent body fat (%BF). The BIA method is consistently reliable, but questions on validity remain. We have observed anecdotally that elbow position can render consistently different measures of %BF while using HH BIA, thus leading to the question: Does elbow angle infl uence the validity of measures derived using HH BIA? The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of elbow position (i.e., IN=fl exed to 90° versus OUT=fully extended) on the reliability of HH BIA on 44 male and 24 female healthy adults (age=21±2 yrs, BMI=23±3). An additional aim was to assess the validity of the HH BIA %BF on a subset of subjects (n=12) using air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD ® ) as the criterion measure. The IN position was ~4%BF lower than the OUT position for HH BIA (p=0.05, effect size=0.67). Measures of %BF for both trials for the IN [intraclass correlation coeffi cient (ICC)=0.99, coeffi cient of variation (CV)=2.99%] and OUT (ICC=0.99, CV=1.48%) conditions were highly reliable. On the subsample, the OUT (18.3±6.7 %BF) position exceeded both the IN (14.5±7.4 %BF) and the BOD POD ® (16.1±7.8 %BF) measures (p<0.05); however, IN and BOD POD ® measures of %BF did not differ (p=0.21). These fi ndings support that HH BIA is a reliable measure at both elbow positions; however, %BF estimations vary considerably (~4%) with respect to the criterion measure depending on elbow position. The OUT position was found to overestimate criteria %BF. Further research may reveal an optimum elbow angle position for HH BIA estimates of %BF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of elbow angle on the reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis

SR¹

2017

J Sports Med Ther

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“…For instance, physical load was assessed using heart rate monitoring [10,11,17], energy intake based on self-reported food logs [16], and doubly-labelled water [14], the latter being considered as having great validity for use in field studies [29]. Body mass composition has been assessed using skinfold measurements [16,17] or bioelectric impedance analysis [12,13,17], the latter being considered as having greater validity compared with the former, although this might vary depending on the device and type of equation used [30]. For example, Weydahl and Calogiuri [17] used a hand-to-hand device, which is considered as having smaller validity as compared with the full-body assessments used by Case et al .…”

Section: Quality Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health challenges in long-distance dog sled racing: A systematic review of literature

Calogiuri

Weydahl

2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Long-distance dog sled races, e.g. Iditarod (Alaska) and Finnmarksløpet (Northern Norway), are extremely demanding sporting events that might expose mushers, handlers and a large number of organisers and volunteers to risks for their health. The purpose of this systematic literature review (PROSPERO registration n. CRD42017069136) was to identify and summarise all available scientific literature relative to health issues connected to participating in these races. Using a literature search strategy in line with PRISMA guidelines, 117 scientific studies, sought through databases (Google Scholar and PubMed, between 2nd and 9th May 2017) and scrutiny of reference lists, were screened. Studies published in English treating any health issues assessed during or after a long-distance dog sled race were included, with no restriction in relation to their study design or the characteristics of participants studied. The quality of the studies was assessed using a standardised checklist. Ten studies met the criteria for being included in a qualitative analysis. The data synthesis showed that participants underwent strenuous psychophysical load, with insufficient sleep/rest and inadequate energy intake. Findings on hydrations are mixed. The risk of incurring in life-threatening injuries or infections was low, although injuries and infections of minor severity were common. No alterations of blood markers were observed from before to after the races. These findings will help planning prevention and treatment strategies in long-distance dog sled races. However, more research is needed in this field in the future.

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“…Gold-standard methods are available to assess BC (e.g., hydrostatic weighing), but are generally restricted to clinical settings [5]. BC assessment is more commonly conducted using one of several different field techniques, which individually are considered valid tests [6]. Anecdotal evidence has suggested, however, that some individuals may rank relatively high when assessed by one method and relatively low when assessed by another method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

IJPEFS

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Body composition (BC) assessment is often conducted using one of several different field techniques, which individually are considered valid tests. Anecdotal evidence has suggested, however, that some individuals may rank relatively high when assessed by one method and relatively low when assessed by another method. This inconsistency would indicate that BC assessments have poor convergent validity. The purpose of this study was to examine the convergent validity of common BC assessments using a norm-referenced approach. A total of 67 college students participated in this measurement study and had their BC assessed by each of three different tests: percent body fat (PBF) by skinfold technique (PBFSF), waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI). Two different statistical procedures were used to evaluate convergent validity of the three BC assessments. First, Cohen's weighted kappas were calculated using quartiles of each BC measure. This analysis utilized three different 4 x 4 tables from all BC measure pairs. Second, Bland and Altman limits of agreement (LOA) plots were constructed on all pairs after T-score transformation of each measure. Mean (SD) values of PBFSF (%), WC (cm), and BMI (kg/m2) were 12.3 (5.0), 87.0 (8.3), 26.8 (3.5) and 23.3 (7.0), 77.1 (8.8), 24.8 (3.2) for males and females, respectively. Simple kappas showed poor agreement across the three pairs of BC assessments and ranged from .14 to .17. The weighted kappas improved to fair agreement and ranged from .32 to .38. None of the three LOA plots showed systematic bias toward a method. However, 95% LOA were wide for PBFSF vs. WC (± 28.9), BMI vs. PBFSF (± 25.9), and BMI vs. WC (± 12.3). Results of this measurement study indicate that common BC assessments have poor convergent validity among college students. These results further indicate that BC may be a multidimensional trait, requiring a specific test depending on the specific trait of interest.

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Validity and Reliability of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Skinfold Thickness in Predicting Body Fat in Military Personnel

Cited by 89 publications

References 40 publications

Influence of elbow angle on the reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis

Influence of elbow angle on the reliability and validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis

Health challenges in long-distance dog sled racing: A systematic review of literature

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