Validation of methodology to derive elemental abundances from X-ray observations on Chandrayaan-1

Athiray, P. S.; Narendranath, S.; Sreekumar, P.; Dash, Santosh Kumar; Babu, B. R. S.

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.10.003

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…(2 &3)). Earlier experiments by Athiray et al (2013) were performed with a lower intensity X-ray beam and hence did not reveal the presence of scattering components. To model the scattered components, using apriori composition, we simulated both elastic and inelastic scattered spectrum in GEANT4.…”

Section: Spectral Contamination and Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The algorithm converts the observed XRF line fluxes to elemental abundances with uncertainties. We validated the algorithm in the laboratory using high Z elements (20 < Z < 30) published in Athiray et al (2013). In this paper, we complete the exercise of validation using samples containing low Z elements, which are also analogous to the lunar surface composition (ie., contains major elements between 11 < Z < 30).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Experimental validation of XRF inversion code for Chandrayaan-1

Athiray

Sudhakar

Tiwari

et al. 2013

Planetary and Space Science

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We have developed an algorithm (x2abundance) to derive the lunar surface chemistry from X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data for the Chandrayaan-1 Xray Spectrometer (C1XS) experiment. The algorithm converts the observed XRF line fluxes to elemental abundances with uncertainties. We validated the algorithm in the laboratory using high Z elements (20 < Z < 30) published in Athiray et al. (2013). In this paper, we complete the exercise of validation using samples containing low Z elements, which are also analogous to the lunar surface composition (ie., contains major elements between 11 < Z < 30). The paper summarizes results from XRF experiments performed on Lunar simulant (JSC-1A) and anorthosite using a synchrotron beam excitation. We also discuss results from the validation of x2abundance using Monte Carlo simulation (GEANT4 XRF simulation).

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Section: Spectral Contamination and Correctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental validation of XRF inversion code for Chandrayaan-1

Athiray

Sudhakar

Tiwari

et al. 2013

Planetary and Space Science

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“…We developed an XRF inversion code x2abundance to convert the observed X-ray line flux to absolute elemental abundances, where a new approach is adopted using Fundamental Parameter (FP) (Criss & Birks, 1968;Rousseau & Boivin, 1998) by (Athiray et al, 2013a). The algorithm was validated rigorously using laboratory-based XRF experiments on metal alloys and lunar analogous rocks (Athiray et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Deriving Elemental Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

C1XS results—First measurement of enhanced sodium on the lunar surface

Athiray

Narendranath

Sreekumar

et al. 2014

Planetary and Space Science

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We describe the first unambiguous evidence of enhanced Sodium on the lunar surface revealed by the Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer (C1XS). The C1XS onboard the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft was designed to map the surface elemental chemistry of the Moon using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique. During the nine months of remote sensing observations (Nov'2008-Aug'2009), C1XS measured XRF emission from the Moon under several solar flare conditions. A summary of entire C1XS observations and data selection methods are presented. Surface elemental abundances of major rock-forming elements viz., Mg, Al, Si and Ca as well as Na derived from C1XS data corresponding to certain nearside regions of the Moon are reported here. We also present a detailed description of the analysis techniques including derivation of XRF line fluxes and conversion to elemental abundances. The derived abundances of Na (2-3 wt%) are significantly higher than what has been known from earlier studies. We compare the surface chemistry of C1XS observed regions with the highly silicic compositions (intermediate plagioclase) measured by the Diviner Radiometer instrument onboard Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter(LRO) in those regions.

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“…The XSM spectrum was modeled with a single temperature plasma at 1.07 keV , emission measure of 0.18 x 10 49 per cm 3 in . The lunar spectra for the compositions of interest is simulated with the XSM spectrum as input to a code 'x2abundance' (Athiray et al, 2013) which we have used for C1XS spectral modeling. The scattered solar x-ray spectrum contains several lines especially in the 1-2 keV energy range which has to be carefully modeled (Weider et al, 2012).…”

Section: Lunar Compositional Diversities With Classmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We plan to do detailed investigations of dependencies of each of the parameters. Some of these correction were already implemented in the XRF code 'x2abundance' (Athiray et al, 2013) which will be further refined.…”

Section: Xrf Intensity: Dependenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping lunar surface chemistry: New prospects with the Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS)

Narendranath¹,

Athiray²,

Sreekumar³

et al. 2014

Advances in Space Research

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Surface chemistry of airless bodies in the solar system can be derived from remote x-ray spectral measurements from an orbiting spacecraft. Xrays from planetary surfaces are excited primarily by solar x-rays. Several experiments in the past have used this technique of x-ray fluorescence for deriving abundances of the major rock forming elements. The Chandrayaan-2 orbiter carries an x-ray fluorescence experiment named CLASS that is designed based on results from its predecessor C1XS flown on Chandrayaan-1. We discuss the new aspects of lunar science that can be potentially achieved with CLASS.

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Validation of methodology to derive elemental abundances from X-ray observations on Chandrayaan-1

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental validation of XRF inversion code for Chandrayaan-1

Experimental validation of XRF inversion code for Chandrayaan-1

C1XS results—First measurement of enhanced sodium on the lunar surface

Mapping lunar surface chemistry: New prospects with the Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS)

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