Validación de escala de apoyo en duelo en atención de salud para población hispanoparlante

Abstract

ResumenLa muerte de un niño atendido por profesionales puede ser concebida por ellos como una pérdida, convirtiéndose en ocasiones en una experiencia traumática. El soporte social se transforma en un importante mediador del proceso de duelo, ayudando a aliviar el estrés y afrontarlo de mejor manera. Objetivo: Traducción y validación al español del Grief Support in Health Care Scale (GSHCS). Método: Tras la traducción y validación de la equivalencia transcultural del GSHCS en su versión al español: Escala de Apoyo en Duelo en Atención de Salud (EADAS), se procedió a la auto aplicación del instrumento en 215 profesionales que trabajan en unidades de oncología y de cuidados críticos pediátricos. Con los datos se realizó un análisis de consistencia interna, Alfa de Cronbach, intervalos de confianza de Bootstrap y análisis exploratorio para testear las propiedades psicométricas de la escala dividida en tres dimensiones: reconocimiento de la relación, reconocimiento de la pérdida e incorporación de los rituales, realizándose una comparación de medias mediante la prueba de t para muestras independientes. Resultados: El EADAS obtuvo una validación y confiabilidad con un Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach de 0,81. Al analizar las variables, se encontró que losAbstract The death of a child, who is attended by professionals, can be conceived by them as a loss, sometimes resulting in a traumatic experience. Social support becomes an important mediator of the grieving process, helping to relieve the stress and to cope better. Objective: Translation and validation into Spanish of «Grief Support in Health Care Scale (GS-HCS)». Method: Through the translation and validation of cross-cultural equivalence of GS-HCS in its Spanish version: «Apoyo en Duelo en Atención de Salud (EADAS)», we proceeded to auto-apply this instrument to 215 professionals working in oncology units and critical pediatric care. With this data there was an internal analysis of the tendencies usingCronbach's Alpha, Bootstrap Confidence Intervals and an exploratory analysis was performed to test the psychometric properties of the scale divided into three dimensions; recognition of the relationship, recognition of the loss and incorporation of belief rituals, performing a comparison of means using the t test for independent samples. Results: The «Grief Support in Health Care Scale» (GSHCS) obtained a validation and reliability with a coefficient Cronbach's Alpha score of 0.81. By analyzing the variables, it was found that oncology unit Proyecto financiado por el Fondo PUENTE de la Vicerrectoría de Investigación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. N° 9/2014. La organización que promocionó el financiamiento no tuvo influencia en el diseño del estudio; en la relación, análisis o interpretación de los datos; en la preparación, revisión o aprobación del manuscrito.

Supporting in grief and burnout of the nursing team from pediatric units in Chilean hospitals

“…This is explained by a significant difference in the recognition of loss and the possibility of participating in rituals and funerary ceremonies of patients. Some studies emphasize the importance of participation and development of funeral rituals by teams, which would generate cases of support that in turn would reduce the risk of prolonged grief in health professionals (20)(21) . After the results of this study, this type of interventions should be encouraged in pediatric intensive care teams in order that professionals feel more recognized in their losses and thus, have the possibility of participating in patients' funerary ceremonies according to their will (29) .…”

“…A high BS level corresponds to a score of the EE sub-scale above 26 points, of DP above 9 points and PA under 34 points. The Grief Support Health Care Scale (GSHCS), Spanish version, was used to evaluate the GS (20)(21) . The GSHCS scale measures three dimensions, namely recognition of the relationship (RR) acknowledgment of the loss (AL) and inclusion in the funeral rituals (IFR).…”

Psychometric Properties and Validity of Inventory of Symptoms of Professional Traumatic Grief and Relevance to Clinical Practice.

“…Speci cally, more general instruments such as the Inventory of Complicated Grief [26], the Revised Texas Grief Inventory [27] or the Grief Evaluation Measure [28], the most widely used scales in the literature, are not adapted to the construct to be measured since the items refer to a closer personal relationship with the deceased. In addition, speci cally for professionals, there are other scales that measure attitudes or skills for coping with death and evaluate their ability to cope with the bereavement of a patient [29][30][31], but there is no speci c symptomatology scale for health professionals who experience traumatic grief due to multiple deaths of patients in a sudden, unexpected and unjust situation.…”