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Rimskii-Korsakov, A. A.; Romanovskii, V. N.; Lyubtsev, R.I.; Lazarev, L. N.

doi:10.1023/a:1009433024216

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The dark woods at the top look like a bristling beard in need of a shave, which scratches your face during a kiss. 20 Vysheslavtsev had a similar impression. In contrast to Sakhalin's wealth of resources, DeKastri Bay across the strait had only fish and timber, and even its trees were small.…”

Section: The Harbor Of Prosperity (1850s)mentioning

confidence: 75%

The Monster in the Corner of the Map: Russian Visitors Describe Nature on Sakhalin Island (1850–1905)

Corrado¹

2020

Environment and History

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This article examines evolving constructions of nature on Sakhalin Island in late imperial Russia, emphasising changing Russian views of not only the island, but of science, modernisation, mankind's power over nature and the borders of the empire. From a European land of plenty in the 1850s, welcoming to its Russian visitors, after a quarter-century of penal colonisation, the island had become a monster devouring its prey. This article argues that contradictory and evolving descriptions of Sakhalin's nature reflect tensions Russians faced in a modernising world, as they questioned the relationship between mankind and nature; the reliability of science; and the correct borders of their state. In the 1850s, Sakhalin seemed normal and bountiful, a gift to Russia, while two decades later, it was wealthy but hostile, although, with science, Russians could prevail. By the 1890s, that was called into question, and the island was portrayed as not only hostile, but foreign, desolate and unsubmissive to science; while activists of the early twentieth century reimagined it as abundant, comprehensible and vital to the empire. The image of Sakhalin as hostile and unintelligible prevailed, reflecting a widespread disillusionment with Western modernity. In 1905, Russia surrendered the southern half of the island to Japan.

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Section: The Harbor Of Prosperity (1850s)mentioning

confidence: 75%

The Monster in the Corner of the Map: Russian Visitors Describe Nature on Sakhalin Island (1850–1905)

Corrado¹

2020

Environment and History

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“…It can be easily shown that when the exponential horn is used whose aperte diameter exceeds the critical value for the given wavelength (reactive component of the radiated wave can be neglected)ie acoustic pressure distribution over the aperture ofthe paraboloid can be represented as [4]:…”

Section: Theoretical Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parabolic high-frequency acoustic antennas

Ivanov¹,

Krasnenko

1999

SPIE Proceedings

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a1flstjtite ofOptical Monitoring ofthe SB RAS, 10/3 Akadernicheskii Ave., Tornsk 634055, Russia binstitute ofAtmospheric Optics ofthe SB RAS ABSTRACT The antenna system intended for emissioa au reception of acoustic signals is one of the major parts of an acoustic radar. At present in our country the parabolic reflectors are gaining wide acceptance by virtue ofrelative simplicity oftheir design. In the present report, the results of theoretical and experimental investigations of a high-frequency acoustic antenna intended for sounding ofthe lower atmospheric layers at altitudes up to 200 m are presented.Use ofacoustic radiation for remote acoustic sounding ofthe atmosphere has a long history [I]. It is based on strong interaction ofthese waves with the atmosphere, in particu!ar, on scattering ofthe acoustic waves by inhomogeneities ofthe refractive index caused by the atmospheric turbulence. It is much stronger than for the electromagnetic waves ofthe majority ofspectral ranges. and hence rather simple equipment can be us for acoustic sounding.The present work is aimed at the development and investigation of a small-sized high-frequency acoustic antenna intended for sounding ot'the lower layers ofthe atmosphere.The antenna ofan acoustic radar (sodar) is one of its most important parts that determines the total sodar efficiency (sounding range, protection from the external noise, and environmental protection from the acoustic radiation). Its design, dimensions, and materials used for its manufacuiring comptetely determine its efficiency and hence the total energy potential ofthe sodar. THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONSThe following requirements were imposed on the antenna tinder development: the antenna halfwidth from 7 to 1 5°, the level of side lobes in the direction perp.iidicular to the acoustic axis no more than -40 dB, and at an angle of7O° from the acoustic axis -no more than -35 dB. The antenna represented a parabolic reflector with a protective shielding in the form of a truncated cone. The external view ofthe antenna is shown in Fig. I . The Piezo Tweeter PH 8 Motorola high-frequency piezoelectric head with an exponential horn having an aperture of76.5 mm was used as a radiator.The antenna directional pattern (in the far-field zone) is described by the modified Kirchhoffdiffiaction integral [2, 3J:R.rrnax P(e) = ;r (1 + cos8). JA(Rs)e'J0 (k . Rs• sin 9). RsdRs where 0 is the angle counted from the accutic axis, A(Rsk is the amplitude-phase distribution ofthe acoustic pressure over the output antenna aperture, Rs is the curciit radius ofthe output aperture, k is the wave number, J0 (.) -is the zero-order Bessel function. The acoustic pressure distribution over the output (radiating) antenna aperture is given by the formula: 2ffRrnaX A(Rs)e j(p(RV) = J JA(R)e i( R)eik( y(D)RdRci.t, SPIE Vol. 3983 • 0277-786X/99/$1 0.00 443 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/22/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx

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Cited by 2 publications

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The Monster in the Corner of the Map: Russian Visitors Describe Nature on Sakhalin Island (1850–1905)

The Monster in the Corner of the Map: Russian Visitors Describe Nature on Sakhalin Island (1850–1905)

Parabolic high-frequency acoustic antennas

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