UV Exposure and the Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma in Skin of Color

Lopes, Fabiana C P S; Sleiman, Marc; Sebastian, Kate; Bogucka, Roxanne; Jacobs, Elizabeth A.; Adamson, Adewole S.

doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.4616

Cited by 63 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As the majority of CMs in Black Africans develop on sun-protected body sites, risk factors other than direct solar irradiation are likely although these have not been identified. Indeed, a recent systematic review concluded that solar UVR is not an environmental risk factor for CM in people with skin of colour ( 51 ).…”

Section: Chronic Effects Of Solar Uvr On Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks Associated With Excessive Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Among Outdoor Workers in South Africa: An Overview

Wright

Norval

2021

Front. Public Health

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Exposure of outdoor workers to high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses significant, well-known health risks including skin cancer and eye diseases. In South Africa, little is known about how many workers are potentially overexposed to solar UVR and what the associated impacts on their health might be. In this overview, the geography and solar UVR environment in South Africa are considered, as well as the different outdoor occupational groups likely to be affected by excessive solar UVR exposure. Sunburn, pterygium, cataract, keratinocyte cancers, and melanoma are discussed in the context of outdoor workers. Few studies in South Africa have considered these health issues and the most effective ways to reduce solar UVR exposure for those working outside. Several countries have developed policies and guidelines to support sun safety in the workplace which include training and education, in addition to the provision of personal protective equipment and managerial support. Several gaps in occupational sun protection and workplace sun safety for South Africa are identified. Legislation needs to recognize solar UVR exposure as an occupational health hazard, with sun safety guidelines and training provided for employers and employees.

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Section: Chronic Effects Of Solar Uvr On Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risks Associated With Excessive Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Among Outdoor Workers in South Africa: An Overview

Wright

Norval

2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Additionally, eumelanin, the dark brown pigment, is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause oxidative damage to cellular DNA, proteins, and lipids (Bustamante et al., 1993; Meredith & Sarna, 2006). High constitutive melanin content and the ability to tan, as in skin phototypes III‐VI, are associated with low risk for sun‐induced non‐melanoma skin cancers and melanoma and reduced photoaging (Halder & Bridgeman‐Shah, 1995; Lopes et al., 2021). However, these phototypes are more prone to post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation (Davis et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of keratinocyte‐ and fibroblast‐derived factors in melanocyte homeostasis, the response to UV, and pigmentary disorders

Upadhyay

Abdel‐Malek

2021

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res

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Human epidermal melanocytes play a central role in sensing the environment and protecting the skin from the drastic effects of solar ultraviolet radiation and other environmental toxins or inflammatory agents. Melanocytes survive in the epidermis for decades, which subjects them to chronic environmental insults. Melanocytes have a poor self‐renewal capacity; therefore, it is critical to ensure their survival with genomic stability. The function and survival of melanocytes is regulated by an elaborate network of paracrine factors synthesized mainly by epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. A symbiotic relationship exists between epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes on the one hand, and between melanocytes and dermal fibroblasts on the other hand. Melanocytes protect epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts from the damaging effects of solar radiation, and the latter cells synthesize biochemical mediators that maintain the homeostasis, and regulate the stress response of melanocytes. Disruption of the paracrine network results in pigmentary disorders, due to abnormal regulation of melanin synthesis, and compromise of melanocyte survival or genomic stability. This review provides an update of the current knowledge of keratinocyte‐ and fibroblast‐derived paracrine factors and their contribution to melanocyte physiology, and how their abnormal production is involved in the pathogenesis of common pigmentary disorders.

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“…Lopes et al carried out a meta-analysis that did not support an association between melanomas in skin of colour with UV exposure, 16 although the authors were only able to include 13 studies of low-to-moderate quality. Two studies showed a small but significant association in Blacks and Hispanics but 11 studies did not demonstrate any association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%