UV-B, UV-A, and blue light signal transduction pathways interact synergistically to regulate chalcone synthase gene expression in Arabidopsis.

Fuglevand, Geeta; Jackson, Jennie A.; Jenkins, Gareth I.

doi:10.1105/tpc.8.12.2347

Cited by 185 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Genes encoding enzymes associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway are represented in the group of genes misregulated in both cry1 and hy5 mutants (Table II). Expression of genes encoding the CHS has previously been demonstrated to be regulated by blue light in a CRY-dependent manner (Fuglevand et al, 1996). However, we demonstrate here that genes encoding components at every level of the phenylpropanoid pathway, from transcriptional control to the final enzymatic steps of the pathway, are regulated by a CRY1-and HY5-mediated BL response (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Reveals a Critical Role for CRYPTOCHROME1 in the Response of Arabidopsis to High Irradiance

et al. 2007

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Exposure to high irradiance results in dramatic changes in nuclear gene expression in plants. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which changes in irradiance are sensed and how the information is transduced to the nucleus to initiate the genetic response. To investigate whether the photoreceptors are involved in the response to high irradiance, we analyzed expression of EARLY LIGHT-INDUCIBLE PROTEIN1 (ELIP1), ELIP2, ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE2 (APX2), and LIGHT-HARVESTING CHLOROPHYLL A/B-BINDING PROTEIN2.4 (LHCB2.4) in the phytochrome A (phyA), phyB, cryptochrome1 (cry1), and cry2 photoreceptor mutants and long hypocotyl5 (hy5) and HY5 homolog (hyh) transcription factor mutants. Following exposure to high intensity white light for 3 h (1,000 mmol quanta m 22 s 21 ) expression of ELIP1/2 and APX2 was strongly induced and LHCB2.4 expression repressed in wild type. The cry1 and hy5 mutants showed specific misregulation of ELIP1/2, and we show that the induction of ELIP1/2 expression is mediated via CRY1 in a blue light intensity-dependent manner. Furthermore, using the Affymetrix Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) 24 K Gene-Chip, we showed that 77 of the high lightresponsive genes are regulated via CRY1, and 26 of those genes were also HY5 dependent. As a consequence of the misregulation of these genes, the cry1 mutant displayed a high irradiance-sensitive phenotype with significant photoinactivation of photosystem II, indicated by reduced maximal fluorescence ratio. Thus, we describe a novel function of CRY1 in mediating plant responses to high irradiances that is essential to the induction of photoprotective mechanisms. This indicates that high irradiance can be sensed in a chloroplast-independent manner by a cytosolic/nucleic component.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Reveals a Critical Role for CRYPTOCHROME1 in the Response of Arabidopsis to High Irradiance

et al. 2007

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“…Because CHS gene expression is regulated by various stimuli, including UV light (Tsukaya et al, 1991;Fuglevand et al, 1996;Ni et al, 1996;van Eldik et al, 1997;Hartmann et al, 1998;Kubasek et al, 1998), it was important to investigate if the constitutive expression of CHS in uvt1 was due to a defect in the UV-mediated regulation of the CHS gene. The data in Figure 9 (lane 4) show that CHS gene mRNA levels are significantly elevated after UVB exposure and, therefore, that the UVB-mediated regulation of CHS gene expression is still operating in uvt1.…”

Section: Chalcone Synthase (Chs) Mrna Levels In Uvt1 Are Constitutivementioning

confidence: 99%

An Arabidopsis Mutant Tolerant to Lethal Ultraviolet-B Levels Shows Constitutively Elevated Accumulation of Flavonoids and Other Phenolics

2001

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The isolation and characterization of mutants hypersensitive to ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been a powerful tool to learn about the mechanisms that protect plants against UV-induced damage. To increase our understanding of the various mechanisms of defense against UVB radiation, we searched for mutations that would increase the level of tolerance of Arabidopsis plants to UV radiation. We describe a single gene dominant mutation (uvt1) that leads to a remarkable tolerance to UVB radiation conditions that would kill wild-type plants. Pigment analyses show a constitutive increase in accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds in uvt1 that increases the capacity of the leaves to block UVB radiation and therefore is likely to be responsible for the elevated resistance of this mutant to UVB radiation. These increases in absorption in the UV region are due, at least in part, to increases in flavonoid and sinapate accumulation. Expression of chalcone synthase (CHS) mRNA was shown to be constitutively elevated in uvt1 plants, suggesting that the increases in absorption may be a consequence of changes in gene expression. Expression of CHS in uvt1 was shown to be still inducible by UV, indicating that the uvt1 lesion may not affect the UV-mediated regulation of CHS gene expression. Our data support an important role for UV screens in the overall protection of plants to UVB radiation. The uvt1 mutant could prove to be an important tool to elucidate further the exact role of UV-absorbing pigments in UV protection as well as the relative contribution of other mechanisms to the overall tolerance of plants to UV radiation.

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“…This finding contributes, together with other important data (9)(10)(11), to better clarify the postulated existence of a stress-independent UV-B signaling pathway in plants. On the contrary, it is established that plant phytochromes and cryptochromes are not the UV-B photoreceptors, even if UV-A may play a role in UV-B signal transduction (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid Profiling and Biosynthetic Gene Expression in Flesh and Peel of Two Tomato Genotypes Grown under UV-B-Depleted Conditions during Ripening

Giuntini

Lazzeri

Calvenzani

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The effect of shielding solar ultraviolet B radiation on the accumulation of some flavonoids and their precursor hydroxycinnamic acids in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was evaluated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). In particular, flesh and peel of two tomato hybrids, DRW 5981 and Esperanza, were separately analyzed. The hybrids have been chosen for their different responses to the light, since it was previously reported that they show different pigmentation and opposite behavior under UV-B in terms of carotenoids and ascorbic acid content at different ripening stages. To determine the effect of UV-B radiation during tomato ripening, we also measured the expression of some flavonoid biosynthetic genes by realtime reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The results allowed us to conclude that UV-B radiation deeply and differentially affects the content of the considered flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids as well as the expression of some of their biosynthetic genes in both flesh and peel during the ripening process. On the other hand, the collected data clearly showed that this influence varies between different genotypes. We conclude that the use of specific plastic covers able to eliminate UV-B radiation may be an environmentally friendly approach to modulate the expression of structural genes and, in turn, to enhance healthy antioxidant compounds in fruits of specific tomato cultivars.

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UV-B, UV-A, and blue light signal transduction pathways interact synergistically to regulate chalcone synthase gene expression in Arabidopsis.

Cited by 185 publications

References 48 publications

Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Reveals a Critical Role for CRYPTOCHROME1 in the Response of Arabidopsis to High Irradiance

Genome-Wide Gene Expression Analysis Reveals a Critical Role for CRYPTOCHROME1 in the Response of Arabidopsis to High Irradiance

An Arabidopsis Mutant Tolerant to Lethal Ultraviolet-B Levels Shows Constitutively Elevated Accumulation of Flavonoids and Other Phenolics

Flavonoid Profiling and Biosynthetic Gene Expression in Flesh and Peel of Two Tomato Genotypes Grown under UV-B-Depleted Conditions during Ripening

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