Utilization of surplus electricity from wind power for dynamic biogas upgrading: Northern Germany case study

Jürgensen, Lars; Ehimen, Ehiaze Augustine; Born, Jens; Holm‐Nielsen, Jens Bo

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.032

Cited by 90 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Particularly in Germany [131,135,136], but also in some other countries there is already a significant potential of CO 2 from biogas plants. According to the European biogas association [137], 1.3 10 9 m 3 of biomethane were produced in 2013.…”

Section: Biogasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c tThe Power-to-Gas (PtG) process chain could play a significant role in the future energy system. Renewable electric energy can be transformed into storable methane via electrolysis and subsequent methanation.This article compares the available electrolysis and methanation technologies with respect to the stringent requirements of the PtG chain such as low CAPEX, high efficiency, and high flexibility.Three water electrolysis technologies are considered: alkaline electrolysis, PEM electrolysis, and solid oxide electrolysis. Alkaline electrolysis is currently the cheapest technology; however, in the future PEM electrolysis could be better suited for the PtG process chain. Solid oxide electrolysis could also be an option in future, especially if heat sources are available.Several different reactor concepts can be used for the methanation reaction. For catalytic methanation, typically fixed-bed reactors are used; however, novel reactor concepts such as three-phase methanation and micro reactors are currently under development. Another approach is the biochemical conversion. The bioprocess takes place in aqueous solutions and close to ambient temperatures.Finally, the whole process chain is discussed. Critical aspects of the PtG process are the availability of CO 2 sources, the dynamic behaviour of the individual process steps, and especially the economics as well as the efficiency.

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Section: Biogasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review

et al. 2016

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“…Thus, the whole energy supply system needs to become more flexible to achieve smart grids 6. 7 Indeed, one of the emerging tasks in future energy supply is the effective storage of electric power. In the middle of Europe, we can see dramatic changes; an increasing amount of electric power is produced from wind parks, biogas, and solar panel photovoltaic plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneously‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methane using RuNi Bimetallic Catalysts

2014

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One facet of the future energy supply can be covered by the use of synthetic natural gas (SNG) obtained from carbon dioxide and hydrogen using excess solar or wind energy to power water electrolysis. In this article, zirconia supported RuNi bimetallic catalysts were evaluated for this reaction at 300–400 °C, 10 bar, and space velocities up to 36 000 h−1. In general, the reaction is close to the equilibrium; CO2 conversion is complete, and SNG selectivity is close to 100 %. The studies have shown that Ru can be partially substituted by Ni to achieve similar product performance. Bimetallic catalysts with low loadings show the formation of alloys but higher loadings lead to segregation and agglomeration of Ni particles. The SNG productivity (at 36 000 h−1) reached on the best catalysts approximately 70 kg kgRu−1 h−1 and 40 kg kgNi−1 h−1, respectively. Thus, a SNG space‐time‐yield of approximately 50–100 kg kgmetal−1 h−1 (70–140 N m3 h−1) can be obtained to this point.

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“…Raw biogas is made of approximately 65% methane and 35% CO 2 , and the upgrading process consists essentially in removing this CO 2 -surplus, converting the raw biogas 3 into biomethane (98% methane and 2% CO 2 ). Alternatively, hydrogen from electrolysis could be added to raw biogas, converting the CO 2 -surplus into additional methane [20]. This process would increase the biomethane production with roughly 70%.…”

Section: Biogas In Denmarkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of CO2-costs on biogas usage

Jensen

Skovsgaard

2017

Energy

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The Danish government has set a target of being fossil fuel independent by 2050 implying that a high degree of inflexible renewable energy will be included in the energy system; biogas can add flexibility and potentially has a negative CO 2 -emission. In this paper, we investigate the socioeconomic system costs of reaching a Danish biogas target of 3.8 PJ in the energy system, and how CO 2 -costs affect the system costs and biogas usage.We perform our analysis using the energy systems model, Balmorel, and expand the model with a common target for raw biogas and upgraded biogas (biomethane). Raw biogas can be used directly in heat and power production, while biomethane has the same properties as natural gas.Balmorel is altered such that natural gas and biomethane can be used in the same technologies.Several CO 2 -cost estimates are investigated; hereunder a high estimate for the expected CO 2 -externality costs. We find that system costs increase with CO 2 -costs in most cases, while the biogas target becomes socio-economically cheaper. In the case of a very high CO 2 -cost, system costs decrease and biomethane becomes the primary fuel. Furthermore, biomethane functions as regulating power and the Danish fuel consumption increases due to a higher electricity export.

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Utilization of surplus electricity from wind power for dynamic biogas upgrading: Northern Germany case study

Cited by 90 publications

References 14 publications

Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review

Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review

Heterogeneously‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methane using RuNi Bimetallic Catalysts

The impact of CO2-costs on biogas usage

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