Utilization of Municipal Plastic and Wood Waste in Industrial Manufacturing of Wood Plastic Composites

Başalp, Dildare; Tıhmınlıoğlu, Funda; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; İnal, Fikret; Sofuoğlu, Aysun

doi:10.1007/s12649-020-00986-7

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Despite of the poor compatibility and hydrophilic nature of wood particles and hydrophobic plastics, employed to reduce tensile strength, the composites present flexural resistance and the addition of coupling agent or compatibilizer seems to reduce the mechanical depletion. [ 154,155 ] Moreover, researches have been carried out to enhance anti‐microbial properties by impregnating organic/inorganic anti‐microbial agents on the surface of wood‐plastic composites, [ 156 ] avoiding biological degradation, or also the durability and color stability, by incorporation of carbon black in composites from recycled plastic. [ 157 ]…”

Section: Municipal Solid Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐friendly polymer composites: A review of suitable methods for waste management

Cabrera

2021

Polymer Composites

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The amount of residues generated by agriculture, industrial, or urban activities continuously increases and, consequently, demands several methods for their correct management. The incorrect disposal can cause, in specific cases, environmental contamination by heavy metals or leaching as well as promote the spread of diseases as insect proliferation. Commonly, landfilling, incinerating, composting, or energy/fuel generation can control the disposal or reuse of residues. Among the methods for the reuse of wastes, the incorporation of residues as fillers in polymer composites has emerged as a distinct field. Some composites can potentially mitigate leaching compounds or improve mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties. However, these improvements are a challenge to promote the use of waste fillers. Thus, this study aims to provide a state of view regarding a variety of wastes used as fillers in polymer composites and different methods to reach mechanical reinforcement as well as improve thermal conductivity and acoustic attenuation for future researches.

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Section: Municipal Solid Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐friendly polymer composites: A review of suitable methods for waste management

Cabrera

2021

Polymer Composites

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“…To overcome this problem, the scientific community has driven the development of new materials (mainly composites) produced from renewable resources such as natural fibers (flax, hemp, jute, agave, pine, coconut, henequen, maple, and so forth), which are commonly known as wood plastic composites (WPC) or more generally as natural fiber composites. [ 7‐10 ] In WPC, a specific amount of biomass (fillers) is blended with a polymeric matrix, usually a thermoplastic. These organic reinforcements offer advantages over their conventional inorganic counterparts (glass, aramid, and carbon fibers), such as low cost, low density, less damage to the processing equipment, lower energy consumption, lower CO 2 emissions, and other environmental benefits like sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surface modification and fiber content on the mechanical performance of compression molded polyethylene‐maple composites

2021

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With the objective of producing more sustainable materials, wood-plastic composites were produced using linear low density polyethylene and a wide range of maple wood fiber content (up to 80% wt). This was possible by using a simple dry-blending of the component in a powder form and compression molding. In particular, the effect of different surface treatments (mercerization, maleated polyethylene [MAPE], and their combination) on the morphology and mechanical performance of these composites was studied. The results show that all the surface treatments investigated were able to improve the fiber-matrix adhesion, leading to better composite homogeneity, and higher mechanical properties. Furthermore, it was possible to increase the amount of wood that can be introduced in the composites compared to untreated fibers. In our case, up to 80% wt of maple fibers were easily processed generating significant improvements in moduli (367%) and strength (50%), especially when a combination of alkali-MAPE treatment was performed. This simple processing of the composites is interesting to produce different parts size and geometry with limited degradation since no melt compounding is performed. The work also represents a way to produce sustainable, economic, and lightweight composites with improved properties using a high content of renewable filler.

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“…ese residues of the furniture industry, such as wood or sawdust, can be used in polymer-fiber composites as a filler or reinforcement with several benefits and it also satisfies the greening requirements such as being nonabrasive during processing, low in cost, widely available, eco-friendly renewable filler, and sustainable, biodegradation, high filling levels possible, high specific properties, lower density per weight of raw material, flexibility, and recyclability as well as desirable mechanical properties [2,3,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Alkaline-Treated Sawdust-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite

Ferede

2020

Journal of Engineering

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Sawdust is a natural composite obtained from natural resources such as shrubs and trees and in a large amount from the wood industry as a waste. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical and water absorption properties of alkaline-treated wood sawdust-reinforced polypropylene composite. The composites were manufactured by the melt-mixing method followed by compression molding with amounts of wood sawdust ranging from 10, 20, 30, and 40 to 50 wt. % by volume. The produced composites were characterized for their mechanical and water absorption characteristics. The results indicated that increasing the amount of wood sawdust content up to 40% improves the tensile, flexural, impact, and compressive strength of the composites but after the wood sawdust contents reach 40%, the mechanical properties of the composite were decreased. Water absorption rate has increased with an increase in the wood sawdust proportion; this is due to the presence of –OH groups on the surface of wood particles. From the result of this study, it can be also concluded that the optimal mechanical and water absorption properties were attained at 40% wood sawdust content. Therefore, sawdust can be used as filler and reinforcement in the PP matrix, which will reduce cost and give environmental benefits.

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Utilization of Municipal Plastic and Wood Waste in Industrial Manufacturing of Wood Plastic Composites

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

Eco‐friendly polymer composites: A review of suitable methods for waste management

Eco‐friendly polymer composites: A review of suitable methods for waste management

Effect of surface modification and fiber content on the mechanical performance of compression molded polyethylene‐maple composites

Evaluation of Mechanical and Water Absorption Properties of Alkaline-Treated Sawdust-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite

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