Usual Walking Speed Predicts Decline of Functional Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Women: a 4-year Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Abstract. [Purpose] In this study, we examined the physical predictors of the decline of functional capacity among community-dwelling older Japanese individuals.[Methods] A total of 265 Japanese individuals aged 68-96 years participated in a baseline survey and a follow-up 4 years later. In this survey, participants performed tests for grip strength, one-legged standing, and 5-m walking. At baseline and the follow-up survey, we measured functional capacity using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC), which consists of the instrumental self-maintenance scale, the intellectual activity scale, and the social role scale. [Results] There was only a weak association between physical performance and the decline of functional status in men. The 5-m walking time was most sensitive at predicting the future decline of the instrumental self-maintenance scale in women. Even after controlling for age, body mass index, grip strength, and one-legged standing, a slower 5-m walking time (greater than 4.6 sec) indicated an increased risk of future decline in instrumental self-maintenance in women (odds ratio = 5.31, p<0.01).[Conclusions] The usual walking speed is the best performance measure for predicting the decline of instrumental self-maintenance among Japanese older women.

Actual Conditions of Leisure Activity Among Older Community-Dwelling Japanese Adults

“…In addition, to plan for and carry out a journey, those who travel need cognitive functioning at a higher level (e.g., executive function and memory). Physical fitness ( Makizako et al, 2010 ) and cognitive function ( Iwasa et al, 2008 ) are reportedly two major correlates of functional capacity among the elderly. Our findings show that engaging in travel as a leisure activity was associated with social networking.…”

Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review

“…Frailty Kang et al 2017 [36] 541 ( 57) 67 (60-86) Quach et al, 2011 [8] 763 ( 64) 78 Callisaya et al, 2016 [7] 509 ( 52 [36] 541 (57) 67 Quach et al, 2011 [8] 763 ( 64) 78 Callisaya et al, 2016 [7] 509 ( 52) 75 (60-105) Abu et al, 2018 [31] 325 (55) 68 (60-89) Kwan et al, 2012 [82] 280 (43) 75 (65-91) Muraki et al, 2013 [9] 2215 (66) 68 Sanders et al, 2016 [64] 4112 (53) 74 (≥65) uukinen et al, 1995 [54] 1016 ( 63) 76 (70-92) Doi et al, 2013 [35] 57 ( 74) 80 (≥65) tenhagen et al, 2013 [6] 1763 ( 48) 76 argent-Molina et al, 1999 [34] 5895 (100) 80 (≥75) Kauppi et al, 2014 [37] 2300 ( 58) 66 (≥55) ihlborg et al, 2015 [70] 1044 (100) 75 Ersoy et al, 2009 [74] 125 (100) Frailty Kang et al 2017 [36] 541 ( 57) 67 (60-86) Quach et al, 2011 [8] 763 ( 64) 78 Callisaya et al, 2016 [7] 509 ( 52) 75 (60-105) Abu et al, 2018 [31] 325 ( 55) 68 (60-89) Kwan et al, 2012 [82] 280 (43) 75 (65-91) Muraki et al, 2013 [9] 2215 (66) 68 Sanders et al, 2016 [64] 4112 ( 53) 74 (≥65) Luukinen et al, 1995 [54] 1016 (63) 76 (70-92) Doi et al, 2013...…”

“…et al, 2018 [31] 325(55) 68 (60-89)Kwan et al, 2012 [82] 280 (43) 75 (65-91)Muraki et al, 2013 [9] 2215…”

Development of the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence to Assess Functional Capacity in Older Adults

“…The factorial validity, predictive validity, and reliability of the TMIG-IC have already been verified (Koyano et al, 1991). The TMIG-IC has been utilized in several studies to examine the relationship between higher level competence in community-dwelling older adults and other variables such as mortality (Takata et al, 2013), motor fitness (Makizako et al, 2010), cognitive function (Iwasa et al, 2008; Iwasa et al, 2003), depression (Iwasa et al, 2009), lifestyle habit (Yoshida, Yamazaki, Takahashi, & Yasumura, 2013), personality (Iwasa, Masui, Gondo, Kawaai, & Inagaki, 2010), interpersonal exchange (Jingu, Egami, Kinukawa, Sano, & Takei, 2003), and diet variety (Kumagai et al, 2003). …”