Using spatio-temporal interest points (STIP) for myoclonic jerk detection in nocturnal video

Abstract

In this study we introduce a method for detecting myoclonic jerks during the night with video. Using video instead of the traditional method of using EEG-electrodes, permits patients to sleep without any attached sensors. This improves the comfort during sleep and it makes long term home monitoring possible. The algorithm for the detection of the seizures is based on spatio-temporal interest points (STIPs), proposed by Ivan Laptev, which is the state-of-the-art in action recognition.We applied this algorithm on a group of patients suffering from myoclonic jerks. With an optimal parameter setting this resulted in a sensitivity of over 75% and a PPV of over 85%, on the patients' combined data.

Automated seizure detection systems and their effectiveness for each type of seizure

“…A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t evidence confirms that patient specific algorithms are crucial for achieving accurate detection devices [54,64,69,71,74,94,95,102,119]. Different sensors have been used for detecting GTCS, including mattress sensors, EDA, sEMG, ACM, cerebral oxygen saturation sensors and seizure-alert dogs with promising results [55,57,58,60,61,65,83,84,90,102,103,105,132].…”

“…This was done with frontal and temporal lobe seizures to evaluate for the lateralizing value of ictal head turning [99,100]. The overall sensitivity varies from 75-100%, positive predictive value over 85%, and specificity of 53-93% [93][94][95][96]. Reported latencies range from 4.6 to 21.4 seconds [94].…”

“…Automatic video detection systems use velocity, area, duration, rotation, oscillation, angular speed, and/or displacement (motion trajectory) to detect seizures [93][94][95][96][97]. The underlying concept is to detect complex motor patterns by automatic interpretation of video data [93].…”

“…Seizure types that can be captured by video include focal, hypermotor, myoclonic, and clonic [93][94][95]98]. Myoclonic seizures are detected with good sensitivity and specificity with a marker-based system based on spatio-temporal interest points [95].…”

“…Myoclonic seizures are detected with good sensitivity and specificity with a marker-based system based on spatio-temporal interest points [95]. Reference markers could be placed on the head, trunk and extremities to asses for movement when evaluated with infrared light by a video system.…”