2013
DOI: 10.1038/srep02976
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Using social media to quantify nature-based tourism and recreation

Abstract: Scientists have traditionally studied recreation in nature by conducting surveys at entrances to major attractions such as national parks. This method is expensive and provides limited spatial and temporal coverage. A new source of information is available from online social media websites such as flickr. Here, we test whether this source of “big data” can be used to approximate visitation rates. We use the locations of photographs in flickr to estimate visitation rates at 836 recreational sites around the wor… Show more

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Cited by 577 publications
(465 citation statements)
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References 25 publications
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“…Similar geodemographic analysis in the USA demonstrated the importance of analyzing the target population of every form of social media, as stressed by Duggan and Brenner (2013) and Li et al (2013). Because cultural and social differences strongly influence CES-related preferences (Wood et al 2013, López-Santiago et al 2014, UK-NEA 2014, and engagement with open space and nature is ethnically bounded (Agyeman 1990), we would expect such analysis to yield useful results. The social components of photo-sharing websites provide another level of investigation.…”
Section: Grounded Speculation and Conclusionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Similar geodemographic analysis in the USA demonstrated the importance of analyzing the target population of every form of social media, as stressed by Duggan and Brenner (2013) and Li et al (2013). Because cultural and social differences strongly influence CES-related preferences (Wood et al 2013, López-Santiago et al 2014, UK-NEA 2014, and engagement with open space and nature is ethnically bounded (Agyeman 1990), we would expect such analysis to yield useful results. The social components of photo-sharing websites provide another level of investigation.…”
Section: Grounded Speculation and Conclusionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their metric was based on the number of photographers for each 1 km² area. Wood et al (2013) used pictures from Flickr (http://flickr.com) to evaluate visitation in 836 predetermined cultural and touristic sites worldwide. In another use of Flickr, Richards and Friess (2015) focused on a small-scale analysis in a park, developing the spatial analysis further to include the analysis of environments and focal points.…”
Section: Actions As Proxies Of Preferencesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A second important aspect is that not only ES capacity but also ES demand is likely affected by landscape configuration. Studies on aesthetics and recreation often account for the landscape configuration in demand parameters such as accessibility (Guo et al 2001;Chan et al 2006;Chen et al 2009;Larondelle and Haase 2013;Nahuelhual et al 2013) or visitation rates (Wood et al 2013). Other research has more strongly focused on the effects of landscape configuration on ES flows arguing that ES flows are more strongly impacted than ES capacity (Mitchell et al 2015a, b).…”
Section: Implications For Landscape Managementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…com) for the names of four mangrove sites in Singapore: ''Sungei Buloh,'' ''Chek Jawa,'' ''Berlayer Creek,'' and ''Pasir Ris mangrove.'' The volume of photographs as a proxy of visitation rates has previously been used as an indicator of cultural ecosystem service values generally (Wood et al 2013;Casalegno et al 2013), though recent studies have begun to use Flickr to determine types of cultural ecosystem services that are valued by the user (Richards and Friess 2015). In this study the cultural ecosystem services that were represented by each photograph were inferred, using the same method and seven categories used by the archival photographs above (''Analysis of past and presentday cultural ecosystem services'' section; Table 2; Fig.…”
Section: Present-day Cultural Ecosystem Services: Photographic Recordmentioning
confidence: 99%