Using Peripersonal Warning Signals to Orient a Driver’s Gaze

Ho, Cristy; Spence, Charles

doi:10.1177/0018720809341735

Cited by 73 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In this 25-minutes experiment, only the forward head position condition (see Ho & Spence, 2009) was presented. The participants had to depress the brake pedal as rapidly as possible whenever they detected the sudden closing-in on the lead car in the video clips.…”

Section: Design and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, recent empirical evidence suggests that the presentation of non-visual warning signals in a driver's peripersonal space (i.e., close to, or on, the driver's body) may represent a unique means of communicating behaviorally relevant stimuli that demand the driver's immediate attention (see Ho & Spence, 2009). Many researchers have focused their efforts on trying to identify specific properties of warning signals that define their effectiveness in terms of eliciting speeded and appropriate behavioral responses from drivers for collision avoidance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Looming Auditory and Vibrotactile Collision Warning for Safe Driving

Spence

Gray

2013

Proceedings of the 7th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : Dr

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Summary:Looming auditory warning signals (that is, signals whose intensity increases over time) have proven to be particularly effective in terms of reducing a driver's brake reaction times (BRTs) to impending collisions, and are also associated with very low false alarm rates. We report two experiments designed to further investigate how the presentation of looming auditory warnings with increasing frequency or increasing spatial extent would compare to those with increasing intensity. A third experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the potential efficacy of presenting looming warnings to drivers in another modality, namely via vibrotactile signals. Participants' speeded BRTs to potential collision events following the presentation of various warning signals in a simulated car following scenario were measured. While both looming frequency and spatial warnings were effective in terms of speeding the driver's responses to critical driving events, the magnitude of the benefit resembled that of a typical nonlooming constant intensity warning. Looming intensity warnings outperformed their looming frequency counterparts in terms of facilitating drivers' collision avoidance responses. As for vibrotactile warnings, the results revealed that looming vibrotactile stimuli did not offer any additional benefits over and above the other non-looming vibrations tested in the study. The implications of these findings for collision warning systems design are discussed.

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Section: Design and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looming Auditory and Vibrotactile Collision Warning for Safe Driving

Spence

Gray

2013

Proceedings of the 7th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : Dr

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“…One such recent example is by Ho and Spence (2009) who predicted that behavioral responses by drivers to in-car warning signals will be facilitated by designing warning systems that incorporate insights about constraints of the brain. Drawing on neuroscientific findings that humans (and other animals) pay greater attention and respond more rapidly to sensory stimuli occurring in peripersonal (i.e., close to the body) than extrapersonal space, they find support for the idea that peripersonal warning signals, compared with traditional warning signals, afford significant performance advantages.…”

Section: Hypothesis Generation and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision neuroscience and consumer decision making

et al. 2012

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This article proposes that neuroscience can shape future theory and models in consumer decision making and suggests ways that neuroscience methods can be used in decision-making research. The article argues that neuroscience facilitates better theory development and empirical testing by considering the physiological context and the role of constructs such as hunger, stress, and social influence on consumer choice and preferences. Neuroscience can also provide new explanations Mark Lett (2012) 23:473-485

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“…First studies have demonstrated the positive effect of these peripheral visual signals in driving (see, e.g., Henning et al, 2008;Ho & Spence, 2009;Kienast et al, 2008;Mahlke, Rösler, Seifert, Krems, & Thüring, 2007). In these studies, LEDs situated at the bottom of the front window of the car (e.g., Henning et al, 2008;Mahlke et al, 2007) or close to the side mirrors (Wolkenstein, 2005) were used.…”

Section: Abstract Attention Allocation Visual Scan Strategies Drimentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal evaluation environment: a new method for the design of peripheral in-vehicle warning signals

Werneke

Vollrath

2011

Behav Res

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An evaluation method called the Signal Evaluation Environment (SEE) was developed for use in the early stages of the design process of peripheral warning signals while driving. Accident analyses have shown that with complex driving situations such as intersections, the visual scan strategies of the driver contribute to overlooking other road users who have the right of way. Salient peripheral warning signals could disrupt these strategies and direct drivers' attention towards these road users. To select effective warning signals, the SEE was developed as a laboratory task requiring visual-cognitive processes similar to those used at intersections. For validation of the SEE, four experiments were conducted using different stimulus characteristics (size, colour contrast, shape, flashing) that influence peripheral vision. The results confirm that the SEE is able to differentiate between the selected stimulus characteristics. The SEE is a useful initial tool for designing peripheral signals, allowing quick and efficient preselection of beneficial signals.

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Using Peripersonal Warning Signals to Orient a Driver’s Gaze

Abstract: Warning systems that have been designed around the constraints of the human brain offer great potential in the future design ofmultisensory interfaces.

Cited by 73 publications

References 34 publications

Looming Auditory and Vibrotactile Collision Warning for Safe Driving

Looming Auditory and Vibrotactile Collision Warning for Safe Driving

Decision neuroscience and consumer decision making

Signal evaluation environment: a new method for the design of peripheral in-vehicle warning signals

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