Using of atomic absorption spectrometry for diagnosis of electrical injuries (an experimental rat study)

Acar, Kemalettin; Boz, Bora; Kurtulus, Ayse; Divrikli, Ümit; Elçi, Latif

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.09.007

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…12,13,68,75 However, there seems to be a tendency that electrically induced metallizations are concentrated at the margins of the skin wound, whereas metallization caused by heat is diffusely distributed throughout the lesion. 12,13,25 Tremendous efforts have been made to detect metallization with different analytical techniques, including atomic absorption spectrometry, 1,41 acroreaction test, 2 electrography, 57 chemical reagents sprayed on the skin, 67 laser microprobe, 42 transmission electron microscopy, 84 variable-pressure scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy-dispersive x-ray microanalyzer, 46 histology with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, 82 atom emission spectrography, 45 and histochemistry. 40,68,75 Histochemistry, as a widely used and available technique in diagnostic pathology laboratories, focuses on the demonstration of metallic ions (usually iron or copper) transferred to the skin from metallic conductors.…”

Section: Morphological Findings In Electrical Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Injuries in Animals

Schulze¹,

Peters

Baumgärtner³

et al. 2016

Vet Pathol

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Electrical injuries in animals occur most often accidentally. They comprise contact to various forms of currents, including alternating, rotary, or direct currents. Depending on various parameters of the current (including the type of circuit, voltage, current and duration of exposure) and conditions of the animal (such as wet or dry hair coat and pathway of current through the body), lesions may be absent or may include early or localized development of rigor mortis, signs of acute circulatory failure, or severe thermoelectrical burns. Such burns may present as external current marks, singed hair or feathers, metallization of the skin, or occasionally internal electroporation injury resulting in muscle necrosis, hemolysis, vascular damage with thrombosis, injury to brain and spinal cord, or skeletal fractures. Furthermore, lightning strikes occur regularly in grazing animals, which have greater risk of death from step potentials (ground current) in addition to direct strike and contact injury. Such cases may have no lesions, external signs of linear or punctate burns, keraunographic markings, or exit burns on the soles of the hooves or the coronary bands. Besides detailed information about the circumstances at the location where the animal was found, electrical injuries in animals require a thorough morphological workup, including additional investigations in conjunction with certain knowledge about the possible lesion spectrum.

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Section: Morphological Findings In Electrical Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Injuries in Animals

Schulze¹,

Peters

Baumgärtner³

et al. 2016

Vet Pathol

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“…7,8 Their successful detection is, therefore, of enormous importance from a forensic point of view. In addition to histological staining techniques, 7,9 more technologically advanced methods are used to detect metallization of the skin, including atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) 10,11 and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-rays (SEM/EDX). 12 The latter has proven useful in forensics to successfully detect micro traces of Cu and Zi, as well as Fe and Cr in electric marks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable x‐ray fluorescence as a tool for assessing electric marks in forensic evaluation

et al. 2023

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Portable x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) is a reliable, rapid and noninvasive technique. Recently, it has been used in a wide variety of fields where the sample must still be available after examination or when qualitative information on chemical composition is needed quickly to perform more detailed studies. These properties also make it suitable for forensic investigations, as shown by some recent reports. In the present work, a systematic evaluation of metal micro traces in electric marks was performed in a case of death by electrocution (high‐voltage current). The results are promising, as XRF has been shown to be a suitable tool not only for skin fragments but also for graphite adhesive tapes placed on the body skin areas of forensic interest and then analyzed. The latter finding proves that skin samples at autopsy are not the only valuable sampling method, thus paving the way for the application of XRF in the diagnosis of electrical injuries in living individuals as well.

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“…The accuracy of the results depends on the methods and techniques used, which prompts a brief mention of the methods used to achieve the objective of this study: the detection and assessment of heavy metals. Through many years of study, reliable methods to detect heavy metals in drinking water have been developed [35]- [39]. Sample preparations include relatively simple acidification than direct injection and a more complex one the submission to total oxidation/dissolution procedure achieved under elevated temperature and pressure in the appropriate acid(s).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution and Accretion of Some Heavy Metals in Makkah Wells

Khdary¹,

Gassim²

2014

JWARP

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The aim of this study is to determine the types of heavy metals frequently present in Makkah wells and the possible environmental causes of their distribution and accumulation. Makkah lies in a mountain range dominated by different types of rocks from the Precambrian and Lower Paleozoic eras, as well as subordinate sedimentary rocks and basaltic lava flow from the Tertiary and Quaternary periods. Natural contaminants in Makkah wells water can be attributed to the unique location. Many epidemiological studies have identified associations between the ingestion of wells water contaminated with heavy metals and increased risk of some illnesses. This study presents exclusive information on the levels and distribution of 9 heavy metals-arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, and selenium-in the wells water in various rural and urban areas of Makkah city. These naturally occurring elements are considered significant markers of water purity. More than 160 wells were involved in this three-year investigation. Water samples were collected during different seasons in order to assess any changes in the distribution and concentration of these heavy metals throughout the year. The collected water samples were filtered and digested before analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS). We found the following sequence of concentrations of heavy metals in the studied wells: Ba > Se >Cr > As > Co > Cu> Hg > Pb > Cd. Arsenic, barium, chromium, and selenium were the most abundant contaminants in the wells studied. The concentrations of the other heavy metals ranged from non-detectable to 3 µg/L. Although low, these values are also reported in comparisons with the local and international strict values and standards which govern the maximum contaminant levels permitted for long-term daily consumption.

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Using of atomic absorption spectrometry for diagnosis of electrical injuries (an experimental rat study)

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Electrical Injuries in Animals

Electrical Injuries in Animals

Portable x‐ray fluorescence as a tool for assessing electric marks in forensic evaluation

The Distribution and Accretion of Some Heavy Metals in Makkah Wells

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